First Serological Evidence on Endemicity of HEV Infection in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Populations from Portugal

Gonçalves, Daniel; Pereira‐Vaz, João; Duque, Vítor; Bandeira, Victor; Fonseca, Carlos; Donato, A. P.; Luxo, Cristina; Matos, Ana Miguel

doi:10.1007/s12250-018-0008-3

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Values ranging between 11.5% in Germany [ 40 ], 52.25% in Serbia [ 41 ], and 57.6% in Spain [ 42 ] were presented. However, our study shows a higher seropositivity than another Portuguese study that reports a seroprevalence of 14% in 2018, but in a smaller sample (4 seropositive in 29 samples) than ours [ 43 ]. Kozyra et al (2020) [ 39 ] reported a correlation between serological and molecular results of HEV infection in wild boar in their study with matched samples.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis E Virus in the Wild Boar Population: What Is the Real Zoonotic Risk in Portugal?

Abrantes,

Santos-Silva,

Mesquita

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important zoonosis in wild boar. Reported zoonotic cases are mainly associated with the consumption of raw/undercooked meat and/or liver. This study aims to determine the occurrence of HEV in the Portuguese wild boar population. During the hunting season 2021/2022, 123-matched samples (liver, faeces, and blood) were collected from hunted wild boars throughout Portugal. An RT-PCR assay tested liver and faeces samples to detect HEV-RNA. From blood samples, an ELISA test was performed. Only one liver sample was positive for HEV (0,8%) and one other from faeces. A total of 34 sera were seropositive (26.7%). At the same time, in a survey of 106 hunters, 21 consumed/ate the liver of wild boars (19.8%). Only three recognised the possibility of consuming it undercooked. Contrary to previous studies in Portugal, the prevalence of HEV in liver and faeces is low, but the seropositivity is higher. But, when analyzing in detail, it could be observed that an HEV hotspot exists in the southeast of central Portugal and that it is a zoonotic risk for hunters of this region. The data of this study reinforce the importance of including HEV in surveillance programs for wildlife diseases to expand the potential zoonotic information.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis E Virus in the Wild Boar Population: What Is the Real Zoonotic Risk in Portugal?

Abrantes,

Santos-Silva,

Mesquita

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Portugal, the first study searching for antibodies anti-HEV in animals was carried out in 2018 in wild boar samples of the Alentejo Region, having anti-HEV (IgM/IgG/IgA) been detected in 14% (4/29) of animals (Gonçalves et al, 2018 ). In wild rabbits from the same region, anti-HEV (IgM/IgG) antibodies were found in 4.1% (3/74) (Lopes & Abrantes, 2020 ) and in sheep of the Central Region of Portugal IgG anti-HEV was detected in 16.6% (15/90) (Mesquita et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Portugal the circulation of HEV-3 in swine has been observed in different instances with reports describing this genotype 3 in pigs and wild boars (Alessandra Berto et al, 2012a , 2012b ; Mesquita et al, 2016a , 2016b , 2016c ; Santos-Silva et al, 2023 ). More recently HEV-3, subgenotype 3e was identified in red deer (Moraes et al, 2022 ) and antibodies anti-HEV were detected in wild boars, wild rabbits and sheep from Portugal (Gonçalves et al, 2018 ; Lopes & Abrantes, 2020 ; Mesquita et al, 2020 ). Interestingly, the work that described the presence of IgG anti-HEV in sheep also suggested an increase of HEV infection in workers occupationally exposed to sheep (Mesquita et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most frequent causes of acute viral hepatitis is hepatitis E virus (HEV) causing 20 million infections worldwide each year and 44,000 deaths. Studies on HEV in the Iberian Peninsula have been increasing through time with HEV infection being identified in humans and animals. The aim of the present systematic review was to compile and evaluate all the published data on HEV from studies performed in humans, animals and environmental samples in the Iberian Peninsula. The electronic databases Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched, and research published up until February 01, 2023 were included. Resulting in a total of 151 eligible papers by full reading and application of PRISMA exclusion/inclusion criteria. Overall, the present review shows that several HEV genotypes, namely HEV-1, 3, 4, and 6 as well as Rocahepevirus, are circulating in humans, animals, and in the environment in the Iberian Peninsula. HEV-3 was the most common genotype circulating in humans in Portugal and Spain, as expected for developed countries, with HEV-1 only being detected in travelers and emigrants from HEV endemic regions. Spain is the biggest pork producer in Europe and given the high circulation of HEV in pigs, with HEV-3 being primarily associated to zoonotic transmission through consumption of swine meat and meat products, in our opinion, the introduction of an HEV surveillance system in swine and inclusion of HEV in diagnostic routines for acute and chronic human hepatitis would be important. Additionally, we propose that establishing a monitoring mechanism for HEV is crucial in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of this illness and the various strains present in the Iberian Peninsula, as well as their potential impact on public health.

show abstract

“…In the Portuguese human and animal population, there have been reports of evidence of infection detected by molecular and serological methods [60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. In Portugal, HEV has previously been detected using molecular methods in wild ungulates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boar and Red Deer in Portugal

Pires,

Cardoso,

Lopes

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic foodborne virus with an annual infection prevalence of 20 million human cases, which seriously affects public health and economic development in both developed and developing countries. To better understand the epidemiology of HEV in Central Portugal, a cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2023 with sera samples from wild ungulates. The seroprevalence and risk factors for HEV seropositivity were evaluated in the present study. Specifically, antibodies against HEV were determined by a commercial enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Our results show that in the 650 sera samples collected from 298 wild red deer and 352 wild boars in Portugal, 9.1% red deer and 1.7% wild boar were positive for antibodies to HEV. Regarding age, the seropositivity in juvenile wild ungulates was 1.3%, whereas it was 7.2% in adults. Logistic regression models investigated risk factors for seropositivity. The odds of being seropositive was 3.6 times higher in adults than in juveniles, and the risk was 4.2 times higher in red deer than in wild boar. Both wild ungulate species were exposed to HEV. The higher seroprevalence in red deer suggests that this species may make a major contribution to the ecology of HEV in Central Portugal. Further research is needed to understand how wildlife affects the epidemiology of HEV infections in Portugal.

show abstract

First Serological Evidence on Endemicity of HEV Infection in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Populations from Portugal

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Hepatitis E Virus in the Wild Boar Population: What Is the Real Zoonotic Risk in Portugal?

Hepatitis E Virus in the Wild Boar Population: What Is the Real Zoonotic Risk in Portugal?

Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boar and Red Deer in Portugal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About