Fish as a possible reservoir for zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblages

Ghoneim, Nahed H.; Abdel-Moein, Khaled A.; Saeed, Hossam

doi:10.1007/s00436-011-2748-y

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Assemblage A (subtypes AI and AII) has been reported in goats, cattle, buffalos, ducks and chickens from Cote d’Ivoire, Egypt, Tanzania and Uganda and Assemblage B (BIV) and/or Assemblage A and B have been reported in goats, ducks and cattle from Cote d’Ivoire, and Tanzania [80, 106, 120, 123, 169, 175, 179]. Assemblage A was also identified in cultured tilapia and mullet ( Tilapia nilotica and Mugil cephalus , respectively) from Egypt [171]. …”

Section: Cryptosporidium and Giardia In Domesticated Animals In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

2017

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Cryptosporidium and Giardia are important causes of diarrhoeal illness. Adequate knowledge of the molecular diversity and geographical distribution of these parasites and the environmental and climatic variables that influence their prevalence is important for effective control of infection in at-risk populations, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology of these parasites in Africa. Cryptosporidium is associated with moderate to severe diarrhoea and increased mortality in African countries and both parasites negatively affect child growth and development. Malnutrition and HIV status are also important contributors to the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in African countries. Molecular typing of both parasites in humans, domestic animals and wildlife to date indicates a complex picture of both anthroponotic, zoonotic and spill-back transmission cycles that requires further investigation. For Cryptosporidium, the only available drug (nitazoxanide) is ineffective in HIV and malnourished individuals and therefore more effective drugs are a high priority. Several classes of drugs with good efficacy exist for Giardia, but dosing regimens are suboptimal and emerging resistance threatens clinical utility. Climate change and population growth are also predicted to increase both malnutrition and the prevalence of these parasites in water sources. Dedicated and co-ordinated commitments from African governments involving “One Health” initiatives with multidisciplinary teams of veterinarians, medical workers, relevant government authorities, and public health specialists working together are essential to control and prevent the burden of disease caused by these parasites.

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Section: Cryptosporidium and Giardia In Domesticated Animals In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

2017

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“…Between 2004 and 2016, the prevalence of Giardia spp. ranged between 2% and 53% among different animal species including ruminants, dairy cattle, stray cats, wild rats and fish [ 152 , 204 , 206 , 207 , 208 ]. Assemblage E was also more prevalent among ruminants and dairy cattle [ 204 , 206 ].…”

Section: Parasitic Zoonosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Common Bacterial, Parasitic and Viral Zoonoses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt

2017

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Egypt has a unique geographical location connecting the three old-world continents Africa, Asia and Europe. It is the country with the highest population density in the Middle East, Northern Africa and the Mediterranean basin. This review summarizes the prevalence, reservoirs, sources of human infection and control regimes of common bacterial, parasitic and viral zoonoses in animals and humans in Egypt. There is a gap of knowledge conerning the epidemiology of zoonotic diseases at the human-animal interface in different localities in Egypt. Some zoonotic agents are “exotic” for Egypt (e.g., MERS-CoV and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus), others are endemic (e.g., Brucellosis, Schistosomiasis and Avian influenza). Transboundary transmission of emerging pathogens from and to Egypt occurred via different routes, mainly importation/exportation of apparently healthy animals or migratory birds. Control of the infectious agents and multidrug resistant bacteria in the veterinary sector is on the frontline for infection control in humans. The implementation of control programs significantly decreased the prevalence of some zoonoses, such as schistosomiasis and fascioliasis, in some localities within the country. Sustainable awareness, education and training targeting groups at high risk (veterinarians, farmers, abattoir workers, nurses, etc.) are important to lessen the burden of zoonotic diseases among Egyptians. There is an urgent need for collaborative surveillance and intervention plans for the control of these diseases in Egypt.

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“…cysts were detected in 2% of stray cats [25], while G. intestinalis was detected in 8% of wild rats [19] and 7.9% of soil samples [26]. Moreover, it is noteworthy that fish have been proposed as a potential reservoir for G. duodenalis , as the parasite has been detected in fish with a prevalence of 3.3% [27]. …”

Section: Prevalence Of Parasitic Zoonoses Among Humans and Animals Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Parasitic Zoonoses in Egypt

Youssef¹,

Uga

2014

Trop.Med.Health

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This review presents a comprehensive picture of the zoonotic parasitic diseases in Egypt, with particular reference to their relative prevalence among humans, animal reservoirs of infection, and sources of human infection. A review of the available literature indicates that many parasitic zoonoses are endemic in Egypt. Intestinal infections of parasitic zoonoses are widespread and are the leading cause of diarrhea, particularly among children and residents of rural areas. Some parasitic zoonoses are confined to specific geographic areas in Egypt, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis and zoonotic babesiosis in the Sinai. Other areas have a past history of a certain parasitic zoonoses, such as visceral leishmaniasis in the El-Agamy area in Alexandria. As a result of the implementation of control programs, a marked decrease in the prevalence of other zoonoses, such as schistosomiasis and fascioliasis has been observed. Animal reservoirs of parasitic zoonoses have been identified in Egypt, especially in rodents, stray dogs and cats, as well as vectors, typically mosquitoes and ticks, which constitute potential risks for disease transmission. Prevention and control programs against sources and reservoirs of zoonoses should be planned by public health and veterinary officers based on reliable information from systematic surveillance.

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Fish as a possible reservoir for zoonotic Giardia duodenalis assemblages

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

A Comprehensive Review of Common Bacterial, Parasitic and Viral Zoonoses at the Human-Animal Interface in Egypt

Review of Parasitic Zoonoses in Egypt

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