Fish Protein Decreases Serum Cholesterol in Rats by Inhibition of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Absorption

Hosomi, Ryôta; Fukunaga, Kohji; Arai, Hirofumi; Kanda, Seiji; Nishiyama, Toshimasa; Yoshida, Minoru

doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02130.x

Cited by 74 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Studies suggests that there are other components in fish such as fish proteins that may be beneficial to human health and affect risk factors leading to CVD, beyond n-3 fatty acids (15)(16)(17)(18) . This is supported by results from animal studies showing that fish proteins may have a lowering effect on TAG and cholesterol as well as improve glucose tolerance (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) . In line with this, we have recently shown that supplementation with cod protein as tablets reduced fasting glucose and LDL-cholesterol as well as postprandial glucose concentrations in healthy, overweight adults (17) .…”

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confidence: 73%

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

et al. 2016

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The aim of the present study was to examine whether high intake of lean or fatty fish (cod and farmed salmon, respectively) by healthy, normal-weight adults would affect risk factors of type 2 diabetes and CVD when compared with lean meat (chicken). More knowledge is needed concerning the potential health effects of high fish intake (>300 g/week) in normal-weight adults. In this randomised clinical trial, thirty-eight young, healthy, normal-weight participants consumed 750 g/week of lean or fatty fish or lean meat (as control) for 4 weeks at dinner according to provided recipes to ensure similar ways of preparations and choices of side dishes between the groups. Energy and macronutrient intakes at baseline and end point were similar in all groups, and there were no changes in energy and macronutrient intakes within any of the groups during the course of the study. High intake of fatty fish, but not lean fish, significantly reduced TAG and increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations in fasting serum when compared with lean meat intake. When compared with lean fish intake, fatty fish intake increased serum HDL-cholesterol. No differences were observed between lean fish, fatty fish and lean meat groups regarding fasting and postprandial glucose regulation. These findings suggest that high intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, could beneficially affect serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol, which are CVD risk factors, in healthy, normal-weight adults, when compared with high intake of lean meat.

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confidence: 73%

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

et al. 2016

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“…A number of studies, using high doses of fish protein or protein hydrolysate from Atlantic salmon (15-20% of diet), have demonstrated reduced plasma cholesterol levels in Wistar rats (Hosomi et al, 2011;Liaset et al, 2009). This has been linked to increased plasma bile acid levels, and cholesterol clearance through the bile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Three differently generated salmon protein hydrolysates reveal opposite effects on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet

et al. 2015

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This study investigates the effects of salmon peptide fractions, generated using different enzymatic hydrolyzation methods, on hepatic lipid metabolism. Four groups of mice were fed a high-fat diet with 20% casein (control group) or 15% casein and 5% of peptide fractions (treatment groups E1, E2 and E4) for 6weeks. Weight gain was reduced in mice fed E1 and E4-diets compared to control, despite a similar feed intake. Reduced plasma and liver triacylglycerol levels in E1 and E4-mice were linked to reduced fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity and hepatic expression of lipogenic genes. By contrast, plasma and liver lipids increased in the E2 group, concomitant with increased hepatic FAS activity and Δ9 desaturase gene expression. Shotgun lipidomics showed that MUFAs were significantly reduced in the E1 and E4 groups, whereas PUFAs were increased, and the opposite was observed in the E2 group. In conclusion, bioactive peptides with distinctive properties could potentially be isolated from salmon hydrolysates.

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“…A cholesterol lowering effect of FPH diets compared to casein diets have previously been observed in rodents, and may be due to decreased intestinal absorption concomitant with increased hepatic excretion of cholesterol and bile [28,29]. FPH has in some rodent studies also resulted in lower plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) levels [15,30].…”

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confidence: 99%

A fish protein hydrolysate alters fatty acid composition in liver and adipose tissue and increases plasma carnitine levels in a mouse model of chronic inflammation

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThere is growing evidence that fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) diets affect mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism in animals. The aim of the study was to determine if FPH could influence fatty acid metabolism and inflammation in transgene mice expressing human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNFα).MethodshTNFα mice (C57BL/6 hTNFα) were given a high-fat (23%, w/w) diet containing 20% casein (control group) or 15% FPH and 5% casein (FPH group) for two weeks. After an overnight fast, blood, adipose tissue, and liver samples were collected. Gene expression and enzyme activity was analysed in liver, fatty acid composition was analyzed in liver and ovarian white adipose tissue, and inflammatory parameters, carnitine, and acylcarnitines were analyzed in plasma.ResultsThe n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio was higher in mice fed the FPH diet than in mice fed the control diet in both adipose tissue and liver, and the FPH diet affected the gene expression of ∆6 and ∆9 desaturases. Mice fed this diet also demonstrated lower hepatic activity of fatty acid synthase. Concomitantly, a lower plasma INF-γ level was observed. Plasma carnitine and the carnitine precursor γ-butyrobetaine was higher in the FPH-group compared to control, as was plasma short-chained and medium-chained acylcarnitine esters. The higher level of plasma acetylcarnitine may reflect a stimulated mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation of fatty acids, as the hepatic activities of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 and mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II were higher in the FPH-fed mice.ConclusionsThe FPH diet was shown to influence hepatic fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid composition. This indicates that effects on fatty acid metabolism are important for the bioactivity of protein hydrolysates of marine origin.

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Fish Protein Decreases Serum Cholesterol in Rats by Inhibition of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Absorption

Cited by 74 publications

References 45 publications

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

Three differently generated salmon protein hydrolysates reveal opposite effects on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet

A fish protein hydrolysate alters fatty acid composition in liver and adipose tissue and increases plasma carnitine levels in a mouse model of chronic inflammation

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