Fish scale is a suitable model for analyzing determinants of skeletal fragility in type 2 diabetes

Suzuki, Nobuo; Kitamura, Kei-ichiro; Hattori, Atsuhiko

doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1153-9

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Transgenic zebrafish carrying the insra mutation show a reduction in scale size (Extended Data Fig. 8), as previously described in other hyperglycaemic zebrafish models 19 and a similar phenotype has recently been described in cavefish 20 . In principle, these data could suggest an evolutionary tradeoff in which physiological health is sacrificed to reap the benefits of starvation resistance.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

Insulin resistance in cavefish as an adaptation to a nutrient-limited environment

Riddle

Aspiras

Gaudenz

et al. 2018

Nature

214

183

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Periodic food shortages are a major challenge faced by organisms in natural habitats. Cave-dwelling animals must withstand long periods of nutrient deprivation, as—in the absence of photosynthesis—caves depend on external energy sources such as seasonal floods1. Here we show that cave-adapted populations of the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, have dysregulated blood glucose homeostasis and are insulin-resistant compared to river-adapted populations. We found that multiple cave populations carry a mutation in the insulin receptor that leads to decreased insulin binding in vitro and contributes to hyperglycaemia. Hybrid fish from surface–cave crosses carrying this mutation weigh more than non-carriers, and zebrafish genetically engineered to carry the mutation have increased body weight and insulin resistance. Higher body weight may be advantageous in caves as a strategy to cope with an infrequent food supply. In humans, the identical mutation in the insulin receptor leads to a severe form of insulin resistance and reduced lifespan. However, cavefish have a similar lifespan to surface fish and do not accumulate the advanced glycation end-products in the blood that are typically associated with the progression of diabetes-associated pathologies. Our findings suggest that diminished insulin signalling is beneficial in a nutrient-limited environment and that cavefish may have acquired compensatory mechanisms that enable them to circumvent the typical negative effects associated with failure to regulate blood glucose levels.

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supporting

confidence: 73%

Insulin resistance in cavefish as an adaptation to a nutrient-limited environment

Riddle

Aspiras

Gaudenz

et al. 2018

Nature

214

183

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“…The teleost fish has a unique hard tissue, scales that consist of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and calcified bone matrix, including type 1 collagen, bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid protein, osteonectin, and hydroxyapatite [11,33]. In addition, teleost scales, like the mammalian endoskeleton, are known to work as a potential internal calcium reservoir [11,33]. From morphological observation, we demonstrated that the osteogenesis of regenerating scale is quite similar to that of mammalian membrane bone [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…We can analyze the influence of BaA on osteoblasts and osteoclasts using in vitro cultured fish scales. The teleost fish has a unique hard tissue, scales that consist of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and calcified bone matrix, including type 1 collagen, bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid protein, osteonectin, and hydroxyapatite [11,33]. In addition, teleost scales, like the mammalian endoskeleton, are known to work as a potential internal calcium reservoir [11,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Benz[a]anthracene on Bone Metabolism and on Liver Metabolism in Nibbler Fish, Girella punctata

Zanaty

Sawada

Kitani

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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It has been reported that spinal deformity was induced in developing fish by the addition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). To examine the mechanism of the disruption of fish bone metabolism, the effect of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), a kind of PAH, on plasma calcium, inorganic phosphorus, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts was investigated in this study. We also measured several plasma components to analyze the toxicity of BaA on other metabolisms. BaA (1 or 10 ng/g body weight) was intraperitoneally injected (four times) into nibbler fish during breeding, for 10 days, and it was indicated, for the first time, that injecting high doses of BaA to nibbler fish induced both hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Furthermore, in the scales of nibbler fish treated with high doses of BaA, both osteoclastic and osteoblastic marker messengerRNA (mRNA) expressions decreased. These results are a cause of disruption of bone metabolism and, perhaps, the induction of spinal deformities. In addition, we found that total protein, metabolic enzymes in the liver, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly decreased in BaA-injected fish. These results indicate that BaA may affect liver diseases and emphasize the importance of prevention of aquatic PAH pollution.

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“…Teleost scales are functional internal calcium reservoirs during periods of increased calcium demand (Mugiya and Watabe 1977;Bereiter-Hahn and Zylberberg 1993) and are a good model for analyzing bone metabolism (Vieira et al 2011;de Vrieze et al 2014a, b;Suzuki et al 2016;Carnovali et al 2016;Witten et al 2017;Pinto et al 2017). The osteogenesis in regenerating scales was very similar to that in calvarial bone (Yoshikubo et al 2005;Thamamongood et al 2012).…”

Section: Regenerating Scales Ontogenic Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, teleost scales are functional internal calcium reservoirs involved in calcium metabolism, particularly in freshwater teleosts such as goldfish (Mugiya and Watabe 1977;Suzuki et al 2008Suzuki et al , 2016. Additionally, it is known that teleost scales regenerate after being removed (Bereiter-Hahn and Zylberberg 1993;Suzuki et al 2009;Yoshikubo et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone directly increases the plasma calcitonin level and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

et al. 2018

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The effects of a-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH) on calcium metabolism were examined with goldfish. The scales on the left side of goldfish bodies were removed to allow the regeneration of scales under anesthesia. Thereafter, the influences of a-MSH injection (low dose: 0.1 lg/g body weight; high dose: 1 lg/g body weight) on plasma calcitonin (calcium-regulating hormone) and the calcium content of the scales were investigated. Ten days after removing the scales, we measured the plasma calcitonin and calcium content of both regenerating scales on the left side and ontogenic scales on the right side. At both doses of a-MSH injection, plasma calcitonin concentrations in the a-MSH-treated group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The mRNA expressions of a-MSH-receptors were detected in the ultimobranchial glands (secretory organ of calcitonin), indicating that a-MSH directly functions in ultimobranchial glands and promotes calcitonin secretion. Furthermore, we found that the calcium content of regenerating scales in a-MSHtreated goldfish was higher than that in control goldfish, while the calcium content of ontogenic scales on the right side was significantly decreased by a-MSH injection. There was a significant co-relationship between plasma calcitonin and the calcium content of regenerating scales. The mRNA expression of calcitonin receptors in regenerating scales was remarkably higher than that in ontogenic scales. These results imply that calcitonin functions to promote scale regeneration resulting from the inhibition of bone resorption because

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Fish scale is a suitable model for analyzing determinants of skeletal fragility in type 2 diabetes

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Insulin resistance in cavefish as an adaptation to a nutrient-limited environment

Insulin resistance in cavefish as an adaptation to a nutrient-limited environment

Influence of Benz[a]anthracene on Bone Metabolism and on Liver Metabolism in Nibbler Fish, Girella punctata

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone directly increases the plasma calcitonin level and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

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