Flacourtia indica

Empires of the Sea

“…Indeed, already in 1941, Rostovtzeff stated that imperialism is not only the pursuit of territorial expansion; it is also the search for political hegemony and the wish to play a leading role in the political life of the civilised world. 19 Willem Vogelsang suggested that Achaemenid rule in Central Asia was best described by the word "hegemony", which he defined as "recognition by local rulers of the overlordship of the […] sovereign, with personal ties established by marriage or other connections, cemented by gifts. "20 This describes only one form of hegemony or "sphere of influence" 15 Bayly 1988;Hintze 1997;Barkey 2008;Ballantyne 2012;Faruqui 2012;Noreña 2012;Glatz 2013;Waerzeggers 2014.…”

“…the Maccabees did in secondcentury bce Judea-a form of "glocalization" that can be understood, too, from the dynamics of imperial interactions (Strootman 2006). 19 Rostovtzeff 1941, i. 20 Vogelsang 1992, 304-305.…”

“…18 In a recent and important monograph, Thomas Tartaron has argued that the late 15th and early 14th century bc (LH IIB and LH IIIA1) saw the development of Mycenaean hegemony over what had hitherto been a predominantly Aeginite trading network in the Saronic Gulf. 19 Basing his argument especially on the chronological and spatial distribution of pottery, but also on the construction of typically Argive monuments such as the tholoi at Megali Magoula, he suggests that the decline of Kolonna in the late 15th century bc and the apparent rise of regions close to Mycenae, especially Troezenia, at the same time, were somehow related. Tartaron also argued that political structures and trade patterns within the 'small world' of the Saronic Gulf, towards the end of the 15th century bc, were reconfigured when the Saronic trade network became part of the larger 'world system' of Late Bronze Age international trade, and although he did not specify the exact causes that caused this gradual change of a small maritime world into a large maritime world, it may well be that the tightening of bonds between Mycenae and Egypt triggered this transformation.…”

“…20 The region was used for the bartering of European low value goods for water and provisions for the ships exploring the Western African 18 Grafe and Irigoin 2012. 19 Winius 1983. 20 Green 2011.…”

“…Dutch ventures, by contrast, were enveloped in a language of Republicanism and free trade: the mercantile character of the undertaking would safeguard the Dutch Republic from imperial decline. 19 Day-to-day perceptions of Dutch overseas ventures were more ambiguous, however: they were not solely referred to in commercial terminologies, but also in terms of power, conquest and domination. 20 The conquest of Brazil from 1624 onwards, for instance, elated the public in the Republic as a political victory, and magistrates reacted by announcing holidays The ambiguity of free trade versus dominion could be seen in public discourse, in Company parlance, but also in the legal foundations of Dutch operations in global waters.…”