Flashbulb memories for Paris attacks in Korsakoff's syndrome: a case study

The era of our lives: The memory of Korsakoff patients for the first Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in the Netherlands

“…KS patients and the control group reported similar levels of emotions individually for a memory related to the first lockdown. We observed similar results on emotion for the first Covid-19 lockdown, suggesting that KS patients have preserved emotional feelings toward this worldwide and public event and their memories ( Gandolphe & El Haj, 2018 ). The case study by Gandolphe & El Haj (2018) on the Paris attacks reported a comparable finding in one KS patient.…”

“…We observed similar results on emotion for the first Covid-19 lockdown, suggesting that KS patients have preserved emotional feelings toward this worldwide and public event and their memories ( Gandolphe & El Haj, 2018 ). The case study by Gandolphe & El Haj (2018) on the Paris attacks reported a comparable finding in one KS patient. These results confirm that for a daily life affecting period, extending beyond the laboratory, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, deficits in emotional processing can be overcome in KS patients.…”

“…This result is in line with other studies ( Mori et al, 1999 , Budson et al, 2004 , Waring et al, 2014 ) who affirm greater contribution of emotional-based networks like the amygdala when storing and retrieving episodic information for high emotional and worldwide events. The relative sparing of the amygdala within KS may account for the retained emotional memory in KS patients ( Candel et al, 2003 , Gandolphe and El Haj, 2018 ).…”

“…This could imply that emotion plays an important role in the recall of autobiographical memories in KS patients ( El Haj & Nandrino, 2017 ). Moreover, in a recent case study by Gandolphe & El Haj (2018) a male patient with KS also had vivid emotional recall of the terrorist attack in Paris 2015, although memory for the semantic contents of the event was not fully intact.…”