Flavonoid Analysis and Antioxidant Activities of the Bryonia alba L. Aerial Parts

Abstract

Bryonia alba L. is the only Bryonia species found in Romanian flora, being known as a remedy for inflammatory pathologies or for its hepatoprotective and adaptogen activities. The present investigation studied the flavonoid composition and antioxidant activities of the aerial parts of this species. Flavonoid profile was evaluated by HPLC coupled with Diode Array Detection (DAD), while antioxidant capacity was assessed by various methods, testing different antioxidant mechanisms: DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity), FRAP (ferric reducing ability of plasma), TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance method) and SNPAC (silver nanoparticles antioxidant capacity). Cytotoxicity was tested on human cancerous and healthy cell lines. Anti-plasmodial tests were performed on two strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Whole organism toxicity was assessed on zebrafish larvae. The HPLC-DAD analysis proved the presence of lutonarin, saponarin, isoorientin, and isovitexin as the major flavonoids in the composition of tested samples. Significant results were obtained for all antioxidant capacity assays. The cytotoxicity tests proved the absence of cellular and parasitic toxicity and these results were confirmed by the lack of toxicity on the zebrafish larvae model. This study proves a promising potential of the aerial parts of Bryonia alba L. as antioxidant agents.

Targeting Oxidative Stress Reduction and Inhibition of HDAC1, MECP2, and NF-kB Pathways in Rats With Experimentally Induced Hyperglycemia by Administration of Thymus marshallianus Willd. Extracts

“…After 30 min of incubation at 40°C in a thermostatic bath, the decrease in the absorbance (n = 3) was measured at 517 nm. The antiradical activity (three replicates per treatment) was expressed as IC 50 (μg/mL), the concentration of vegetal material required to cause a 50% DPPH inhibition ( Benedec et al, 2016a ; Hanganu et al, 2016a ; Ielciu et al, 2019 ).…”

“…TPC values were calculated using the calibration curve of gallic acid graph (R 2 = 0.9953). Results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dry weight plant material (d.w) (Benedec et al, 2013a;Benedec et al, 2016b;Ielciu et al, 2019).…”

“…Blank consisted in the similar mixture without the sample. Results are expressed as mM Trolox equivalents/g dry weight vegetal material (d.w.), using a calibration curve (R 2 = 0.989) constructed with 10-40 mg/L Trolox standard (Ielciu et al, 2018;Ielciu et al, 2019).…”

Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Potential of Extracts Obtained from Thymus marschallianus Willd

“…Gallic acid concentrations that were used were set at 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 mg/mL and prepared in a mixture of methanol and water (50:50, v / v ). TPC values were calculated using the calibration curve of gallic acid graph (R 2 = 0.9953) [49,50,51].…”

“…The quantitative determination of phenolic acids was analyzed spectrophotometrically, in a method according to the 10 th Edition of the Romanian Pharmacopoeia ( Cynarae folium monograf), using Arnows reagent (10.0 g sodium nitrite and 10.0 sodium molybdate in 100 mL distilled water) and the results were expressed as mg of rosmarinic acid equivalents (RAE)/g of dry vegetal material, calculated using a rosmarinic acid calibration curve graph (R 2 = 0.9985). All experiments were performed in triplicate [49,50].…”