Flavonoid Functions in Plants and Their Interactions with Other Organisms

Mathesius, Ulrike

doi:10.3390/plants7020030

Cited by 183 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Flavonoids and alkaloids were detected, as was caffeic acid, in wood and bark samples. Flavonoids have different functions, from regulating plant development, pigmentation and UV protection, to an array of roles in defense and signaling between plants and microorganisms …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analysis and antioxidant properties of orange‐tree (Citrus sinensis L.) biomass extracts obtained via different extraction techniques

Bruno

Russo

Cetera

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Orange orchards are typical Mediterranean crops and a major feature of the heritage of the Mediterranean basin, where they play an important environmental and economic role. Their high availability, low price, and potential industrial application make the development of new and valuable uses of the orange's biomass of high interest. This research was focused: (i) on recognition and mapping of orange cultivation in the Basilicata region; (ii) on the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of extracts;These authors contributed equally to this work. 510MR Bruno et al.In the Field: Chemical characterization of orange biomass (iii) on identification of extractives' traits. To achieve these objectives, the anti-oxidative properties and chemical compounds of the extracts from orange orchard biomass were analyzed. Different extraction techniques were applied, including maceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, and autoclaving. Results demonstrated the potential antioxidant activity of the bark and wood of orange-tree biomass, which has not been investigated before. The relative antioxidant capacity index showed that bark extracts were more effective than wood ones, and accelerated solvent extraction was the most effective process for recovering antioxidants. Chemical characterization by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) showed the presence of different natural compounds, including caffeic acid, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The development of innovative applications that use biomass derivatives could lead to their possible use in the market as a commodity for the chemical or cosmetic industries, giving new added value to the current use of biomass from agricultural practices. Through multi-criteria analysis it was possible to recognize the sustainability of these cropping models and their ecological function, using them for the preservation of environmental resources, environmental quality, and quality of life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical analysis and antioxidant properties of orange‐tree (Citrus sinensis L.) biomass extracts obtained via different extraction techniques

Bruno

Russo

Cetera

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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“…Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that comprise a large group among the polyphenolic components of plants (Mathesius 2018) and are known to play important roles in the growth and development of plants and in protection against UV light and diseases (Panche et al 2016;Vicente and Boscaiu 2018). Differences in the morphology and coloration of plant parts, such as the color of flowers, stems, leaves, and seeds and the shape of seeds, can serve as valuable diagnostic traits for the selection of genotypes with higher levels of phenolic components (Klykov et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench germplasm based on agro-morphological traits and the rutin and quercetin content of seeds under spring cultivation

Rauf

Yoon

Lee

et al. 2020

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Buckwheat is an important grain crop known for its nutritional value and content of bioactive compounds, particularly rutin. In this study, we characterized diverse Fagopyrum esculentum Moench germplasm for the diversity of agro-morphological characteristics and the rutin and quercetin content in seeds under the spring cultivation. Of the 251 germplasm accessions assessed, 193 had red stems, 182 had a pale brown seed coat color, and 238 had ovate seeds. The times taken to reach 50% flowering and 80% maturity ranged from 38-45 to 73-95 days, respectively. The 1000-seed weight (TSW) varied from 21 to 42 g. Overall, the content of rutin and quercetin ranged from 7.22-47.86 to 0-1.22 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The number of days to flowering and maturity showed negative correlations with TSW and rutin and quercetin content. However, we found that at 73-80 days after sowing, early-maturing germplasm had significantly higher mean rutin content than either intermediate-or late-maturing germplasm.The TSW weight showed a positive correlation with the content of rutin and quercetin. We identified promising accessions based early maturity (\ 80 days), higher seed weight (C 35 g) and higher content of rutin (C 35 mg/100 g DW) and quercetin (C 1 mg/100 g DW). These accessions will help to enhance grain yield and the rutin and quercetin content in existing buckwheat cultivars for spring cultivation.

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“…Interestingly, the changes of many differentially accumulated flavonoids and phenylpropanoids were presented in allo-triploids when compared with those in the 2n hybrids. This deserves consideration because the flavonoids are mainly involved in plant immunity, defense and flavor molecules [28,29]. Changes in flavonoids and phenylpropanoids might increase immunity and defense to ensure growth vigor in triploids, which could be of priority in future investigation for the association mapping using a method called metabolite quantitative trait loci analysis [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Genome Polyploidization Effects on Metabolomic Signatures in Triploid Hybrids of Populus

Cheng

Zong

Wang

2019

Forests

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Allopolyploids are known to have superior advantages such as high growth speed. Triploids have even greater heterozygosity, explaining more phenotypic variance than 2n hybrid F1 and have therefore become new resources in breeding. To date, the metabolomic basis underlying polyploidization vigor remains unclear. Here, we identified and compared 235 metabolites in the shoot apical buds between multiple allo-triploid populations and parental 2n hybrid F1 in Populus via metabolome profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) assays. Associations with growth vigor in three types of allo-triploid populations, namely first division restitution (FDR), second division restitution (SDR) and postmeiotic restitution (PMR) generated from doubled 2n female gametes and male gametes of 2n hybrid, were also investigated. Each allo-triploid population has different sub-genome duplicated. Major metabolomes were amino acids, secondary metabolism associated, and carbohydrates. We mapped 181 metabolites into known metabolism pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Ten compounds, i.e., fructose 1,6-diphosphate and xylulose, were more abundant in all allo-triploids than the 2n hybrid. Principal component analysis revealed the abundance of metabolites fell into distinct clusters corresponding to ploidy composition. Heterozygosity in triploids mainly effected the contents of carbohydrates and secondary metabolites rather than lipids. Comparisons between subgroups with different growth rates revealed some carbohydrates and secondary metabolites of flavonoids were positively associated with gene expression and the high growth vigor. The results provided an informative metabolomic basis for factors conferring growth vigor in polyploid Populus. IntroductionPolyploid organisms have more than two sets of chromosomes; 30-80% of plant kingdom are polyploid. Many plant lineages show evidence of palaeopolyploidization in their genomes. Polyploid plants usually have larger cell size and faster growth, which are both agronomically preferred traits [1]. Polyploid breeding in plants, including synthesized polyploidization, has increased the rate of breeding in many crops and also in trees, such as Populus [2][3][4][5]. Polyploidization leads to a series of genomic, metabolomic, cellular and physiological changes. Typically, a reduction in genome size occurs after polyploidization, followed by neo-functionalization, sub-functionalization and gene product dosage balance, gene rearrangement, and epigenetic modification, which all drive the evolution and speciation [6]. Cell size is usually increased in polyploid plants likely due to a delayed cell division [5].

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Flavonoid Functions in Plants and Their Interactions with Other Organisms

Cited by 183 publications

References 15 publications

Chemical analysis and antioxidant properties of orange‐tree (Citrus sinensis L.) biomass extracts obtained via different extraction techniques

Chemical analysis and antioxidant properties of orange‐tree (Citrus sinensis L.) biomass extracts obtained via different extraction techniques

Evaluation of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench germplasm based on agro-morphological traits and the rutin and quercetin content of seeds under spring cultivation

Sub-Genome Polyploidization Effects on Metabolomic Signatures in Triploid Hybrids of Populus

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