Flexibacter ovolyticus sp. nov., a Pathogen of Eggs and Larvae of Atlantic Halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.

Abstract

A psychrotrophic Ffexiibacter sp., Flexibacter ovolyticus sp. nov., was isolated from the adherent bacterial epiflora of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) eggs and was shown to be an opportunistic pathogen for halibut eggs and larvae. The strains which we isolated had the enzymatic capacity to dissolve both the chorion and the zona radiata of the egg shells. A total of 35 isolates were characterized by using morphological and biochemical tests. These strains were rod shaped, gram negative, Kovacs oxidase positive, and pale yellow and exhibited gliding motility, They did not produce acid from any of the wide range of carbohydrates tested. Our isolates had the ability to degrade gelatin, tyrosine, DNA, and Tween 80. Starch, cellulose, and chitin were not degraded. The strains were catalase and nitrate reductase positive, did not produce H,S, and did not grow under anaerobic conditions. F. ovofyticus resembles Ffexiibacter maritimus, but differs from the latter species in several biochemical and physiological characteristics. DNAs from F. ovofyticus strains had guanine-pluscytosine contents which ranged from 30.3 to 32.0 mol% (strains EKC001, EKD002T [T = type strain], and VKB004), and DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed levels of relatedness between F. ovoZyticw EKD002T and F. maritimus NCMB 2154T and NCMB 2153 of 42.7 and 30.0%, respectively. Compared with previously described CytophQga and FZexibacter spp. with low guanine-plus-cytosine contents, F. ovofyticus constitutes a new species. Strain EKD002 (= NCIMB 13127) is the type strain of the new species.

Tenacibaculum lutimaris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat in the Yellow Sea, Korea

“…nov.; 2, T. skagerrakense; 3, T. amylolyticum; 4, T. mesophilum; 5, T. ovolyticum; 6, T. maritimum. Data are from Wakabayashi et al (1986), Hansen et al (1992), Suzuki et al (2001), Frette et al (2004) and this study. +, Positive; 2, negative; W, weakly positive; V, variable reaction; ND, not determined; NG, no growth in the presence of NaCl only; n, number of strains.…”

“…The genus Tenacibaculum was proposed by reclassification of two species that had been assigned to the genus Flexibacter, Flexibacter maritimus (Wakabayashi et al, 1986) and Flexibacter ovolyticus (Hansen et al, 1992), as Tenacibaculum maritimum and Tenacibaculum ovolyticum, and with two novel species, Tenacibaculum mesophilum and Tenacibaculum amylolyticum (Suzuki et al, 2001). One further Tenacibaculum species, Tenacibaculum skagerrakense, has been described recently (Frette et al, 2004).…”

Tenacibaculum xiamenense sp. nov., an algicidal bacterium isolated from coastal seawater

“…Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain WJ-1 T formed a clade within the genus Tenacibaculum. The genus Tenacibaculum was first proposed by Suzuki et al (2001) to reclassify two species that had been assigned to the genus Flexibacter, Flexibacter maritimus (Wakabayashi et al, 1986) and Flexibacter ovolyticus (Hansen et al, 1992). At the time of writing the genus Tenacibaculum comprises 18 species (http://www.…”

Tenacibaculum discolor sp. nov. and Tenacibaculum gallaicum sp. nov., isolated from sole (Solea senegalensis) and turbot (Psetta maxima) culture systems

“…The genus Tenacibaculum, proposed by Suzuki et al (2001), belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae (Reichenbach, 1992a, b;Bernardet et al, 1996Bernardet et al, , 2002 and currently comprises nine species: Tenacibaculum maritimum from diseased fish (Wakabayashi et al, 1986), T. ovolyticum from fish eggs (Hansen et al, 1992), T. amylolyticum from the surfaces of marine macroalgae and T. mesophilum from sponges (Suzuki et al, 2001), T. skagerrakense isolated from seawater (Frette et al, 2004), T. lutimaris, T. litoreum, T. aestuarii from tidal flat sediment (Yoon et al, 2005;Choi et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2006) and T. litopenaei isolated from a shrimp mariculture pond (Sheu et al, 2007).…”