Flexible optical interconnects based on silicon-containing polymers

Anzures, Ed; Dangel, R.; Beyeler, R.; Cannon, A. R.; Horst, Folkert; Kiarie, Cecilia; Knudsen, Phil; Meier, Norbert; Moynihan, Matt; Offrein, Bert Jan

doi:10.1117/12.808396

Cited by 10 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Just for possible interest: the obtained values of optical losses are comparable with presented data in [23] 0.6 dB/cm (1550 nm), <0.1 (850 nm) and [24] 0.34 dB/cm (1310 nm) or 0.05 dB/cm 850 nm [19], but it must be kept in mind the above mentioned data were given for ridge waveguides. …”

Section: Measurements and Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…LightLink TM is a material from the silsesquioxanes family [18], [19]. These polymers are hybrid organic/inorganic materials that consist mainly of silicon and oxygen and form a highly crosslinked network and might be a significant promise in the optical interconnection market due to their photoimaging, optical, hydrophobic and thermal stability properties.…”

Section: Siloxane Planar Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties of Siloxane Based Optical Waveguides Deposited on Transparent Paper and Foil

Prajzler

Hyps²,

Mastera³

et al. 2016

RADIOENGINEERING

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Section: Measurements and Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Siloxane Planar Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Siloxane Based Optical Waveguides Deposited on Transparent Paper and Foil

Prajzler

Hyps²,

Mastera³

et al. 2016

RADIOENGINEERING

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“…With an increase of temperature, the intensity of 1200-1040 cm À1 dropped while the intensity of 1040-1000 cm À1 increased. As summarized above, the peaks of (Si-O) 4 rings concentrates at former region and the peak of (Si-O) 6 ring locates at the latter one. The result implies that the cross-linked siloxane assumes more fraction of (Si-O) 6 rings and some (Si-O) 4 rings were transformed into (Si-O) 6 rings during the curing process.…”

Section: Homo-teosmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…13 It was also reported that compared to the thermally grown silicon oxide, the sharp peak near 1050 cm À1 is narrower for the silica gel film, indicating some mobility in the silica gel sample. 14 Compared with the (Si-O) 4 ring, the (Si-O) 6 ring with the characteristic peak at 1036 cm À1 is a more organized and thermodynamically favorable network structure similar to the basic unit of the SiO 2 crystal.…”

Section: Introduction Of Conventional Infrared Analysis On Sol-gel Simentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Based on quantum calculation, there should be a broad distribution in the number of Si-O tetrahedron per ring. 11 Relatively, the (Si-O) 4 and (Si-O) 6 rings are more predominating and thus have been better studied among all the Si-O rings. The (Si-O) 4 ring forms several structures such as open cage, closed cage, and ladder.…”

Section: Introduction Of Conventional Infrared Analysis On Sol-gel Simentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Evolution of Silica Gel and Silsesquioxane Using Thermal Curing

Rao

Sun

et al. 2016

Appl Spectrosc

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The curing of coatings of two types of siloxane containing materials, silica gel and silsesquioxane, at a modest temperature (<280℃) was studied with in situ heating Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) in combination with perturbation correlation moving window (PCMW) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analyses. The result revealed detailed structural evolution of these two different gels. When the silica gel was heated, (Si-O)6 rings appeared from the random Si-O-Si network formed after sol gel reaction, followed by condensation of silanol groups. Upon further heating, the existing (Si-O)4 rings were broken down and converted into (Si-O)6 structures, and finally isolated silanols appeared. The transition from (Si-O)4 rings to (Si-O)6 rings was observed by IR and further confirmed with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). In comparison, during the curing of hybrid silsesquioxane, the condensation of silanols happens immediately upon heating without the rearrangement of Si-O-Si network. Afterwards, the fraction of (Si-O)6 ring structure increased. (Si-O)4 structures exhibited higher stability in hybrid silsesquioxanes. In addition, the amount of silanols in silsesquioxane continued to reduce without the generation of isolated silanol in the end. The different curing behavior of silsesquioxanes from silica gel originates from the organic groups in silsesquioxanes, which lowers the cross-linking density and reduces the rigidity of siloxane network.

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