Flexible, Scalable, High Channel Count Stereo-Electrode for Recording in the Human Brain

Lee, Keundong; Paulk, Angelique C.; Ro, Yun Goo; Cleary, Daniel R.; Tonsfeldt, Karen J.; Kfir, Yoav; Pezaris, John S.; Tchoe, Youngbin; Lee, Ji‐Hwan; Bourhis, Andrew M.; Vatsyayan, Ritwik; Martin, Joel R.; Russman, Samantha; Yang, Jimmy C.; Baohan, Amy; Richardson, R. Mark; Williams, Ziv; Fried, Shelley I.; U, Hoi Sang; Raslan, Ahmed M.; Ben-Haim, Sharona; Halgren, Eric; Cash, Sydney S.; Dayeh, Shadi A.

doi:10.1101/2022.11.08.515705

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Advances in implantable microelectrode technology are evolving at a rapid rate, with recent electrode designs offering the capability to interface with hundreds or thousands of neurons at a time [1][2][3][4]. Recording or manipulating brain activity with high spatial and temporal resolution has revolutionized medical treatment for individuals who suffer from neurological disabilities or debilitating brain disease [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in structure and function of brain mural cells around chronically implanted microelectrodes

Wellman,

Forrest,

Douglas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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1.0ABSTRACTIntegration of neural interfaces with minimal tissue disruption in the brain is ideal to develop robust tools that can address essential neuroscience questions and combat neurological disorders. However, implantation of intracortical devices provokes severe tissue inflammation within the brain, which requires a high metabolic demand to support a complex series of cellular events mediating tissue degeneration and wound healing. Pericytes, peri-vascular cells involved in blood-brain barrier maintenance, vascular permeability, waste clearance, and angiogenesis, have recently been implicated as potential perpetuators of neurodegeneration in brain injury and disease. While the intimate relationship between pericytes and the cortical microvasculature have been explored in other disease states, their behavior following microelectrode implantation, which is responsible for direct blood vessel disruption and dysfunction, is currently unknown. Using two-photon microscopy we observed dynamic changes in the structure and function of pericytes during implantation of a microelectrode array over a 4-week implantation period. Pericytes respond to electrode insertion through transient increases in intracellular calcium and underlying constriction of capillary vessels. Within days following the initial insertion, we observed an influx of new, proliferating pericytes which contribute to new blood vessel formation. Additionally, we discovered a potentially novel population of reactive immune cells in close proximity to the electrode-tissue interface actively engaging in encapsulation of the microelectrode array. Finally, we determined that intracellular pericyte calcium can be modulated by intracortical microstimulation in an amplitude- and frequency-dependent manner. This study provides a new perspective on the complex biological sequelae occurring the electrode-tissue interface and will foster new avenues of potential research consideration and lead to development of more advanced therapeutic interventions towards improving the biocompatibility of neural electrode technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in structure and function of brain mural cells around chronically implanted microelectrodes

Wellman,

Forrest,

Douglas

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces

et al. 2023

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Electrophysiological recording and stimulation are the gold standard for functional mapping during surgical and therapeutic interventions as well as capturing cellular activity in the intact human brain. A critical component probing human brain activity is the interface material at the electrode contact that electrochemically transduces brain signals to and from free charge carriers in the measurement system. Here, we summarize state-of-the-art electrode array systems in the context of translation for use in recording and stimulating human brain activity. We leverage parametric studies with multiple electrode materials to shed light on the varied levels of suitability to enable high signal-to-noise electrophysiological recordings as well as safe electrophysiological stimulation delivery. We discuss the effects of electrode scaling for recording and stimulation in pursuit of high spatial resolution, channel count electrode interfaces, delineating the electrode–tissue circuit components that dictate the electrode performance. Finally, we summarize recent efforts in the connectorization and packaging for high channel count electrode arrays and provide a brief account of efforts toward wireless neuronal monitoring systems. Graphical Abstract

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Flexible, Scalable, High Channel Count Stereo-Electrode for Recording in the Human Brain

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Dynamic changes in structure and function of brain mural cells around chronically implanted microelectrodes

Dynamic changes in structure and function of brain mural cells around chronically implanted microelectrodes

Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces

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