Floating Woody Debris: Blocking Sensitivity of Labyrinth Weirs in Channel and Reservoir Applications

Vaughn, Taylor; Crookston, Brian M.; Pfister, Michael

doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001937

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We define a "release" by the sudden and uncontrolled transfer of many logs downstream of the barrier [criterion: cumulated mass > 10% of the whole mixture for a single flow discharge, as in Piton et al (2020)]. Flow conditions enabling releases were systematically related to high overflowing (h > z 2 ), similar to dam spillways (Furlan et al 2021;Bénet et al 2021;Vaughn et al 2021) or open check dams (Piton et al 2020). Consequently, all overtopping were observed on the small net (series #5) and none on the 100-mm high nets.…”

Section: Main Phases Of Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of LW over dam spillways occurs for h Ã > 1.5-2 (Pfister et al 2013;Furlan et al 2021;Bénet et al 2021;Vaughn et al 2021). Upstream of such structures, LW accumulates as extended floating carpets made of a single layer of LW.…”

Section: Release Condition Of Large Wood Overtoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several recent works have focused on the effects of LW on flow levels at rigid structures as dam reservoir spillways (Furlan et al 2019(Furlan et al , 2020(Furlan et al , 2021Vaughn et al 2021;Bénet et al 2021Bénet et al , 2022, slit and slot dams (Piton et al 2020), as well as, at racks made of piles (Shibuya et al 2010;Schmocker and Hager 2013;Horiguchi et al 2015;Schalko et al 2018Schalko et al , 2019aSchalko 2020). Schalko et al (2018) notably performed a thorough analysis of the head losses related to LW accumulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Scale Modeling of Flexible Barriers. II: Interactions with Large Wood

Piton

Mayo

2023

J. Hydraul. Eng.

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During strong floods, rivers often carry significant amounts of sediment and pieces of large wood (LW). When bridges and hydraulic structures are unable to allow LW to pass through, it becomes necessary to trap LW through specific wood retention structures (e.g., flexible barriers). This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the interactions between LW and flexible barriers using small scale models. A dimensionless criterion is first proposed to compute blockage probability of single logs. It is based on experiments varying log size and shape, channel slope (2%, 4%, and 6%), water discharge, and barrier bottom clearance. Based on runs using six mixtures of hundreds of logs, an equation is secondly provided to compute flow depth at a barrier accounting for the head losses related to large numbers of logs. Conditions leading to the release of LW when the barrier is severely overwhelmed are also studied. The deformation measured on the barrier proves to be lower with LW-laden flows than under full hydrostatic loading of a barrier obstructed by a plastic sheet. Overall, we demonstrate that flexible barriers are very relevant structures to trap LW. A companion paper shows how to design and manufacture a small scale flexible barrier in mechanical similitude with the prototype scale.

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Section: Main Phases Of Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Release Condition Of Large Wood Overtoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Scale Modeling of Flexible Barriers. II: Interactions with Large Wood

Piton

Mayo

2023

J. Hydraul. Eng.

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“…From the perspective of terrain and altitude, the southwestern region is located at the junction of the first and second stairs, with a relatively large drop and high slope. From the geological background, the southwestern region is located at the junction of tectonic plates, with frequent seismic activity, extremely developed fractures, complex tectonic movements, and continuous high mountains and valleys, coupled with a humid climate and sufficient rainfall, providing unique geological conditions for the formation of debris flows [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Index Fusion Debris Flow Early Warning Model Based on Spatial Interpolation and Support Vector Machine

Jin,

Wang,

Liu

2024

Water

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Debris flow early warning is an effective method to prevent major disasters, so a multi-index fusion debris flow early warning model based on spatial interpolation and a support vector machine is designed. Aiming at the discrete rainfall data in the study area, the collaborative Kriging spatial interpolation method based on Kriging spatial interpolation is adopted to process the rainfall data into multi-index fused surface data. The rainfall data after spatial interpolation are used as the input sample data of the support vector machine early warning model, and the optimal parameters of the support vector machine are calculated by the sea squirt algorithm, and then the debris flow early warning results are output. After experimental analysis, the model can obtain rainfall surface data. After calculation by the model, the accuracy of the early warning probability of debris flow is improved, and the early warning result is consistent with the actual result of debris flow.

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“…Specifically, studies have investigated wood passage probability and the potential for debris blockage or flooding at spillways (Furlan et al, 2018;Hartlieb, 2014;Johansson and Cederström, 1995;Schalko et al, 2018;Schmocker, 2017;Schmocker and Hager, 2013;Schmocker and Weitbrecht, 2013; Swiss Committee on Dams, 2017; U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 2020;Wallerstein et al, 1997), labyrinth weirs (Crookston et al, 2015;Vaughn, 2020), piano key weirs (Pfister et al, 2013;Venetz, 2014), ogee crest dams (Bénet et al, 2021;Furlan, 2019;Stocker et al, 2021), bridge decks (Schalko et al, 2020;Schmocker and Hager, 2011), and bridge piers (Schalko et al, 2020;Wyss et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driftwood Accumulation and Passage at V- and I-Rock Weirs in Mountain Streams

Crookston,

Lane,

Margetts

2022

Journal of Coastal and Hydraulic Structures

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The transport and accumulation of driftwood, large wood, or large woody debris (LWD) in mountain streams is a natural part of catchment health and river connectivity. At hydraulic structures, the presence of driftwood has impacts on total discharge and upstream energy. Driftwood has been studied at a variety of spillways and weir types; however, little is known about its interaction at rock weirs. This study seeks to determine what factors affect the transport of driftwood and potential upstream impacts of driftwood accumulations at rock weirs through field-informed scaled model testing. Observations of driftwood at rock weirs located on the Blacksmith Fork River, a mountain stream located in Utah, USA, were used to replicate driftwood dynamics in V- and I-shaped rock weirs in a large flume. The river response to rock weirs on the corresponding section of the Blacksmith Fork River was also investigated using historic aerial imagery and field data. Approaches to driftwood management typically prioritize either natural processes or hydraulic structure safety and flow conveyance. A new hybrid approach should consider both aspects for rock weirs in mountain streams.

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Floating Woody Debris: Blocking Sensitivity of Labyrinth Weirs in Channel and Reservoir Applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Small-Scale Modeling of Flexible Barriers. II: Interactions with Large Wood

Small-Scale Modeling of Flexible Barriers. II: Interactions with Large Wood

Multi-Index Fusion Debris Flow Early Warning Model Based on Spatial Interpolation and Support Vector Machine

Driftwood Accumulation and Passage at V- and I-Rock Weirs in Mountain Streams

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