Flood risk reduction by parallel flood defences – Case-study of a coastal multifunctional flood protection zone

Marijnissen, Richard; Kok, Matthijs; Kroeze, Carolien; Loon-Steensma, J.M. van

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103903

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The results presented here do not account for morphological responses to rising water levels, such as the potential of dune collapse and dike breaching. Dike failure can occur due to hydraulic loads induced by waves and water level (Marijnissen et al, 2021) and thus, flooding behind embankments may not exclusively occur due to wave overtopping or overflow. Largescale dike overflow is observed particularly for the 200-year event plus 1.5 m of SLR (in 2100), as dike heights in the coastal inundation model represent the status quo.…”

Section: Assessing the Validity Of The Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new modelling framework for regional assessment of extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding along the German Baltic Sea coast

Kiesel

Lorenz

König

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Hydrodynamic models are increasingly being used in recent years to map coastal floodplains on local to continental scales. On regional scales, however, high computational costs and the need for high-resolution data limit their application. Additionally, model validation constitutes a major concern, as in-situ data are hardly available or limited in spatial coverage to small parts of the study region. Here we address these challenges by developing a modelling framework, which couples a hydrodynamic coastal inundation model covering the German Baltic Sea coast with a hydrodynamic coastal ocean model of the western Baltic Sea, to produce high resolution (50 m) regional scale flood maps for the entire German Baltic Sea coast. Using a LiDAR derived digital elevation model with 1 m horizontal resolution, we derive and validate the elevation of dikes and natural flood barriers such as dunes. Using this model setup, we simulate a storm surge event from January 2019, a surge with a return period of 200 years and two sea-level rise scenarios for the year 2100 (200-year event plus 1 m and 1.5 m). We validate the simulated flood extents by comparing them to inundation maps derived from Sentinel-1 SAR satellite imagery, acquired between 1.5 and 3.5 hours after the peak of the 2019 surge, covering a large part of the study region. Our results confirm that the German Baltic Sea coast is exposed to coastal flooding, with flood extent varying between 118 km2 and 1016 km2 for the 2019 storm surge and a 200-year return water level plus 1.5 m of sea-level rise, respectively. Hotspots of coastal flooding are mostly located in the federal state of Mecklenburg Western Pomerania. Our results emphasise the importance of current plans to update coastal protection schemes along the German Baltic Sea coast over the course of the 21st century in order to prevent large-scale damage in the future.

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Section: Assessing the Validity Of The Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new modelling framework for regional assessment of extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding along the German Baltic Sea coast

Kiesel

Lorenz

König

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Nevertheless, the problem of performance limits and the increase in risk in the case of an event exceeding the nominal operating conditions should be tackled within a broader framework than that of a single structure with only the protection function. On this topic, Marijnissen et al (2021) assessed the safety of a double-levee system (Supplementary Figure S2).…”

Section: Risk Assessment At the Level Of A Protection Sytemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplementary Figure S2 | Double dike system (Marijnissen et al, 2021) Supplementary Figure S3 | The true fragility curve compared with the deterministic design (Sayers and Meadowcroft, 2005).…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Methodological Approaches for Strengthening the Resilience of Coastal Flood Protection System

2022

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Coastlines are subject to multiple developments related to land use planning and the effects of climate change. These developments generally lead to an increase in the risk of coastal flooding. This article focuses on systems to protect against this hazard, and presents a bibliographical analysis on methods and operational tools to strengthen their resilience. This analysis is carried out by considering that a system of protection is a component of the territory to which it provides protection and that it is therefore necessary to study in depth the relations between this system and the various components of the territory (the natural environment, the built environment and the social and institutional environment). Based on this hypothesis, the concepts of risk and resilience applied to floods are specified and the protection and adaptation strategies commonly used in recent decades are described. This retrospective on concepts and strategies leads us to structure the state-of-the-art analysis on methods and operational tools in relation to two issues: 1) understanding risks; 2) adapting and transforming protection systems. In each case, the use of the concept of resilience implies a clear distinction between systemic and analytical approaches. Finally, this bibliographical analysis reveals the need to revise the protection system concept in order to promote the integration of these systems in the territories. Accordingly, new methodological developments could be considered using ecosystem and socio-economic approaches.

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“…Coastal management strategies and measures, including technological and naturebased solutions (NBS), have been developed and implemented in a number of southern European cities to mitigate flood hazards and enhance urban resilience to climate change [61,62]. There are different types/examples of flood mitigation solutions in Southern Europe and for this reason we select one from each country which is considered a successful practice from the technical point of view, based on the available literature e.g., [63][64][65]. Some of the most widely used and/or promising solutions include coastal barriers [66], dams [67], drainage systems [68,69], and mechanical wetlands [70,71].…”

Section: Flood Mitigation Solutions: Examples From Mediterranean Coastal Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Mitigation in Mediterranean Coastal Regions: Problems, Solutions, and Stakeholder Involvement

et al. 2021

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Flooding affects Mediterranean coastal areas, with negative impacts on regional populations and ecosystems. This paper reviews the causes and consequences of coastal flooding in European Mediterranean countries, common and advanced solutions implemented to mitigate flood risk, and the importance of stakeholder involvement in developing these solutions. Climate change, intensive urbanization, tourism, deforestation, wildfires, and erosion are the main causes of coastal flooding, leading to social and economic losses, degradation of ecosystems, and water and soil contamination due to saltwater intrusion. Various measures for mitigating urban coastal flooding have been implemented, including coastal barriers, infrastructural drainage systems, wetlands, and mobile dams. Development and implementation of such solutions should be performed in close collaboration with stakeholders, but their current engagement at the coordination and/or decision-making level does not allow full integration of local knowledge in flood mitigation projects. Various processes are used to engage stakeholders in coastal flood mitigation, but participatory approaches are required to integrate their perspectives into performance analysis of potential solutions. Such approaches would allow a balance to be reached between nature conservation, market forces, stakeholder needs, and decision-makers’ priorities, resulting in development of innovative and sustainable mitigation solutions to enhance urban resilience to coastal flooding.

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Flood risk reduction by parallel flood defences – Case-study of a coastal multifunctional flood protection zone

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

A new modelling framework for regional assessment of extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding along the German Baltic Sea coast

A new modelling framework for regional assessment of extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding along the German Baltic Sea coast

Exploring Methodological Approaches for Strengthening the Resilience of Coastal Flood Protection System

Flood Mitigation in Mediterranean Coastal Regions: Problems, Solutions, and Stakeholder Involvement

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