Flora da Bahia: Eugenia sect. Eugenia (Myrtaceae)

Context Myrtaceae stands out as one of the significant woody plant families in the Caatinga. Although its wide morphological variability and well-known ability to influence the provision of ecological services in other ecosystems are recognized, little is known about the richness of the family in the Caatinga. Aim We aimed to compile a comprehensive catalog of Myrtaceae species present in the Caatinga and pinpoint areas with the highest species diversity and those that are poorly sampled as a foundation to investigate the conservation status of the group. Methods We collected specimens in situ and analyzed available herbarium collections. The geographical data were used to produce maps of collection effort, species richness (SR), and richness estimation (RE) by Jackknife 1. Key results We recorded 125 species across nine genera, of which 51 occur within conservation units (CU) or indigenous areas (IA). Of the 18 taxa endemic to the Caatinga vegetation, only six are protected by CU or IA. The collection effort shared some similarities with SR; however, most of the Caatinga is still poorly sampled. The RE marked two main hotspots of diversity, encompassing CUs in the territories of the states Pernambuco, Ceará, and Bahia, with a species richness estimated by RE up to 68% higher than SR. Conclusions Our research has underscored the significance of ongoing collection efforts, taxonomic investigations, and conservation initiatives aimed at preserving the diversity of Myrtaceae in the Caatinga. Implications The collection efforts and taxonomic investigations contribute to understanding the conservation status and the real diversity of Myrtaceae species.

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Birds optimize fruit size consumed near their geographic range limits

Martins,

Stouffer,

Blendinger

et al. 2024

Science

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Animals can adjust their diet to maximize energy or nutritional intake. For example, birds often target fruits that match their beak size because those fruits can be consumed more efficiently. We hypothesized that pressure to optimize diet—measured as matching between fruit and beak size—increases under stressful environments, such as those that determine species’ range edges. Using fruit-consumption and trait information for 97 frugivorous bird and 831 plant species across six continents, we demonstrate that birds feed more frequently on closely size-matched fruits near their geographic range limits. This pattern was particularly strong for highly frugivorous birds, whereas opportunistic frugivores showed no such tendency. These findings highlight how frugivore interactions might respond to stressful conditions and reveal that trait matching may not predict resource use consistently.

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Flora da Bahia: Eugenia sect. Eugenia (Myrtaceae)

Abstract: The flora of Eugenia sect. Eugenia from the state of Bahia, Brazil, is presented. Seventeen species are recognized; an identification key, descriptions, illustrations, comments and maps of their geographic distribution in the state are provided.

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Exploring Myrtaceae diversity in the Caatinga: understanding the knowledge gaps for conservation

Birds optimize fruit size consumed near their geographic range limits

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