Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Erythroxylaceae

Abstract

Resumo Este trabalho objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico e identificar o padrão de distribuição dos representantes de Erythroxylaceae, como parte do projeto Flora do Ceará. As identificações e descrições foram baseadas na análise morfológica de amostras obtidas em campo e de herbários (CEPEC, EAC, F, HCDL, HST, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, MBM, NY, RB, TEPB, UFP, UFRN), imagens digitais de coleções-tipos disponíveis nos sítios dos Herbários F, K e NY, Reflora - Herbário Virtual, speciesLink e bibliografias. Para o Ceará foram registradas 24 espécies de Erythroxylum ocorrendo preferencialmente em climas estacionalmente secos, como Savana Estépica (Carrasco) e Floresta Estacional Decidual (mata seca). Quanto à área de distribuição, sete espécies ocorrem extra Brasil, 17 são restritas ao território brasileiro, dez à região Nordeste e uma ao Ceará (E. angelicae). Um total de 20 espécies foi registrado em Unidades de Conservação do estado: Parque Nacional de Ubajara (7), Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra das Almas (7), Floresta Nacional do Araripe (6) e Estação Ecológica de Aiuaba (4). Erythroxylum bezerrae e E. tianguanum estão ameaçadas de extinção.

Angiosperm diversity in a Lowland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest in Pernambuco State, Brazil

“…Peixoto and Gentry (1990) noted that Myrtaceae species have significant ecological importance in forests along the Atlantic coast of Brazil, with great richness and abundance. Cordeiro and Loiola (2018), on the other hand, noted that Erythroxylaceae species frequently occur in seasonally dry climates, such as Savanna Steppe (Carrasco) and Deciduous Forests (dry forests).…”

Dereplication of tropane alkaloids from four Erythroxylum species using liquid chromatography coupled with ESI‐MSn and HRESIMS

“…1,2 Erythroxylum species can be found in different biomes in Brazil, and 128 taxa have been catalogued, distributed from regions with closed and humid vegetation such as the Amazon forest to semiarid regions such as the caatinga, the latter grouping 78 species, 34 of which are endemic. 3,4 This genus is characterized by tropane alkaloids as the main phytochemical markers, although other classes of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenes and diterpenes, are common in the species. 5,6 Currently, a total of 383 compounds have been described in Erythroxylum species, the vast majority being tropane alkaloids, about 197 of these metabolites.…”

“…The genus Erythroxylum P. Browne is the largest of the family Erythroxylaceae, comprising approximately 240 species with a wide distribution in the tropics and subtropics 1,2 . Erythroxylum species can be found in different biomes in Brazil, and 128 taxa have been catalogued, distributed from regions with closed and humid vegetation such as the Amazon forest to semiarid regions such as the caatinga, the latter grouping 78 species, 34 of which are endemic 3,4 . This genus is characterized by tropane alkaloids as the main phytochemical markers, although other classes of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenes and diterpenes, are common in the species 5,6 …”

Flora of Ceará State, Brazil: Caryocaraceae, Hypericaceae, and Rhizophoraceae

“…Most studies related to Malpighiales undertaken in Brazil have focused on their taxonomy and/or floristic surveys of different families, especially of Euphorbiaceae (Secco et al 2012), Malpighiaceae (Almeida et al 2018), Hypericaceae (Marinho et al 2016;Martins et al 2017;Martins & Shimizu 2018), and Passifloraceae (Costa et al 2015;Costa & Melo 2016). Recent studies of Malpighiales for the Flora of the State of Ceará have focused on Erythroxylaceae (Cordeiro & Loiola 2018), Turneraceae (Rocha et al 2018), Phyllanthaceae (Lima et al 2020), Salicaceae (Nepomuceno et al 2021), and Passifloraceae (Souza et al 2021).…”