Floral scent variation in two Antirrhinum majus subspecies influences the choice of naïve bumblebees

Suchet, Claire; Dormont, Laurent; Schatz, Bertrand; Giurfa, Martín; Simon, Valérie; Raynaud, Christine; Chave, Jérôme

doi:10.1007/s00265-010-1106-x

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Bombus terrestris is known to discriminate between flowers differing in temperature, scent composition, and nectar sugar concentration and composition (Dyer et al 2006, Whitney et al 2008, Suchet et al 2011. Captive and wild bumble bees in our study thus could have relied for yeast detection on some cue correlated with presence of yeasts in nectar, such as increased temperature, volatile emissions, yeast metabolites (e.g., ethanol), taste alterations, or sugar and amino acids profiles , Canto et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeasts in nectar of an early‐blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity

Herrera

Pozo

Medrano

2013

Ecology

155

165

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Through their effects on physicochemical features of floral nectar, nectar‐dwelling yeasts can alter pollinator behavior, but the effect of such changes on pollination success and plant reproduction is unknown. We present results of experiments testing the effects of nectar yeasts on foraging patterns of captive and free‐ranging bumble bees, and also on pollination success and fecundity of the early‐blooming, bumble bee‐pollinated Helleborus foetidus (Ranunculaceae). Under controlled experimental conditions, inexperienced Bombus terrestris workers responded positively to the presence of yeasts in artificial sugar solutions mimicking floral nectar by visiting proportionally more yeast‐containing artificial flowers. Free‐ranging bumble bees also preferred yeast‐containing nectar in the field. Experiments conducted in two different years consistently showed that natural and artificial nectars containing yeasts were more thoroughly removed than nectars without yeasts. Experimental yeast inoculation of the nectar of H. foetidus flowers was significantly associated with reductions in number of pollen tubes in the style, fruit set, seed set, and mass of individual seeds produced. These results provide the first direct evidence to date that nectar yeasts can modify pollinator foraging patterns, pollination success, and the quantity and quality of seeds produced by insect‐pollinated plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeasts in nectar of an early‐blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity

Herrera

Pozo

Medrano

2013

Ecology

155

165

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“…However, flowers of J. rotacea emit other volatiles that we did not include in our behavioral assays. These compounds include acetoin and 2-methyl butanol, common to fermenting fruits and yeast (Goodrich et al 2006), as well as acetophenone, an aromatic compound shown to repel bumblebees in Antirrhinum majus flowers (Suchet et al 2010). These compounds and 2-heptanone were present only in open flowers with pollen and were persistent in dissected flowers lacking perianth tissues (corolla and calyx), suggesting their potential to be emitted specifically by pollen or by mature, receptive stigmatic tissue.…”

Section: Pollinator Behavior and Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Oligosulfides in the Attraction of Fly Pollinators to the Brood-Site Deceptive SpeciesJaborosa rotacea(Solanaceae)

Moré

Cocucci

Raguso

2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. Brood-site deceptive flowers use dishonest signals-especially floral odors that mimic oviposition substrates-to attract and deceive saprophilous insects to pollinate them. In this work, we recorded the pollinators of the sapromyiophilous species Jaborosa rotacea (Solanaceae) endemic to southern South America. Then, we characterized the floral volatiles of this species, and finally, we carried out field experiments to decouple the effects of scent and color as attractants for saprophilous flies.Methodology. We made direct observations of pollinators in a natural population of J. rotacea. We characterized floral volatiles by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Subsequently, we used a mixture of 2 oligosulfides (dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide), which our analyses revealed were the main constituents of the floral scent of J. rotacea, as baits to determine the attractiveness of this olfactory signal to flies in a geographical region where J. rotacea is not present. Finally, we used the same foul-scented baits in arrays of artificial flowers resembling those of J. rotacea to assess the dual importance of olfactory and visual cues in fly attraction.Pivotal results. Pollination of J. rotacea occurs when saprophilous flies belonging to the families Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Sarcophagidae-with similar body dimensions to the anther-stigma distance in these flowers-acquire and deposit pollen in the flowers in a nototribic mode. Our chemical analyses revealed that J. rotacea floral scent is chemically simple and features 2 oligosulfide compounds (dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide) commonly found in carrion-mimicking flowers. We found that saprophilous flies belonging to the same families that we recorded as pollinators of J. rotacea in its native South American habitat were attracted to foul-scented baits in temperate North America. The flies' visitation frequencies (recorded as approaches and landings on the artificial flowers) depended significantly on the presence of the foul-scented baits.Conclusions. These results support the hypothesis that oligosulfides are universally effective signals by which deceptive flowers may effect pollen dispersal by attracting flies that use carrion or carnivore feces as brood sites.

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“…Indeed the only Antirrhinum wild species described so far A. majus. Ssp pseudomajus and A. majus ssp striatum differ in the emission of three benzenoids (Suchet et al, 2010), indicating a complex scenario in terms of scent profiles and differences between species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is apparently specialized in bee pollination as bees such as Rhodanthidium sticticum is the main pollinator of A. microphyllum , (Torres et al, 2003), and seven types of bees account for over 90% of the pollination visits in Antirrhinum charidemi, Antirrhinum graniticum , and Antirrhinum braun-blanquetii (Vargas et al, 2010). Despite the diversity the composition of the Antirrhinum genus floral scent, like that of many other plants, is basically unexplored and only A. majus sp pseudomajus and A. striatum have been analyzed with detail (Suchet et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Space and Variation of Floral Scent Profiles during Late Flower Development in Antirrhinum

et al. 2016

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The genus Antirrhinum comprises about 28 species with a center of origin in the Iberian Peninsula. They show an important diversity of growing niches. We have performed a comprehensive analysis of scent profiles in eight wild species, Antirrhinum linkianum, A. tortuosum, A. cirrigherum, A. latifolium, A. meonanthum, A. braun-blanquetii, A. barrelieri, and A. graniticum. We used also two laboratory inbred lines A. majus, 165E and Sippe50. We identified 63 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) belonging to phenylpropanoids, benzenoids, mono- and sesquiterpenes, nitrogen-containing compounds, and aliphatic alcohols previously described in plants. Twenty-four VOCs were produced at levels higher than 2% of total VOC emission, while other VOCs were emitted in trace amounts. The absolute scent emission varied during flower maturation and species. The lowest emitting was A. meonanthum while A. tortuosum had the largest emissions. Species were clustered according to their scent profiles and the resulting dendrogram matched the current species phylogeny. However, two accessions, A. majus Sippe 50 and A. braun-blanquetii, showed development-specific changes in their VOC composition, suggesting a precise control and fine tuning of scent profiles. Cluster analysis of the different scent components failed to identify a specific synthesis pathway, indicating a key role of scent profiles as blends. There is considerable degree of chemodiversity in scent profiles in Antirrhinum. The specific developmental stage plays an important role in scent quantitative emissions. The relative robustness of the bouquets could be an adaptation to local pollinators.

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Floral scent variation in two Antirrhinum majus subspecies influences the choice of naïve bumblebees

Cited by 65 publications

References 52 publications

Yeasts in nectar of an early‐blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity

Yeasts in nectar of an early‐blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity

The Importance of Oligosulfides in the Attraction of Fly Pollinators to the Brood-Site Deceptive SpeciesJaborosa rotacea(Solanaceae)

Phenotypic Space and Variation of Floral Scent Profiles during Late Flower Development in Antirrhinum

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