Flow Blurring Atomization for Low-Emission Combustion of Liquid Biofuels

Simmons, Benjamin M.; Agrawal, Ajay K.

doi:10.1080/00102202.2012.660222

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The images revealed that the VO has a very distinct blue premixed flame. However, all NO X values were very low; between 15 and 20 ppm (Simmons and Agrawal 2012). The only visually conspicuous difference is that the straight VO flame is narrower and longer than the flames for the other fuels.…”

Section: Biofuel Combustionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

Ágarwal¹,

Pandey²,

Gupta³

et al. 2014

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Section: Biofuel Combustionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

Ágarwal¹,

Pandey²,

Gupta³

et al. 2014

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“…FB nozzles have been used in spectrometric techniques for generation of analyte droplets (Kovachev et al 2009;Aguirre et al 2010;Pereira et al 2014) and in atomization of biofuels (Simmons and Agrawal 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization and size-measurement of droplets generated by Flow Blurring® in a high-pressure environment

Modesto-López

Gañán‐Calvo

2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Flow Blurring Ò (FB) atomization is a highly efficient method to produce aerosols. It originates from an unexpected turbulent back flow motion in the interior of the atomizer. The onset for the appearance of such pattern is dictated by a geometrical parameter, ', that is, the ratio of the distance from the tip of the liquid feeding tube to the discharge orifice (H), and the diameter of the discharge orifice (D). In this work, a FB atomizer with a nominal ' D 1/6 was used to produce water and ethanol droplets into pressurized environments (>1 MPa). The droplet size distributions and mean droplet speeds were investigated using (1) direct visualization with an ultra-high-speed video camera coupled with an automated droplet measurement (ADM) program and (2) using a light scattering instrument. Light scattering measurements, with water and ethanol, varying the driving pressure to produce the aerosol (DP), indicate a power dependence of »2/5 of the dimensionless mean droplet diameter (D/D o) on the dimensionless liquid flow rate (Q/Q o). At higher liquid flow rate, the optical resolution of the droplets is improved compared to lower volumetric flow rates, thus facilitating analyses with the ADM program. The approach outlined herein provides a guideline for characterization and implementation of the FB technology in high-pressure applications.

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“…Cleaner combustion of straight VO using an AB injector was obtained by preheating the fuel [19]. Recently, our research group has developed a fuel-flexible combustion system that not only allows sustainable application of alternative fuels with wide range of physical and chemical properties, but also makes it easier to switch from conventional fuels such as methane, kerosene, diesel, etc, to alternative fuels such as biodiesel, VO, and glycerol [20][21][22][23][24]. The combustion system relies upon the flow-blurring (FB) injector reported first by Gañán-Calvo [25] to create "five to fifty times" more fuel surface area than a plain-jet AB atomizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Droplet size distributions measured by Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) in non-reacting diesel and straight vegetable oil (VO) sprays as well as in reacting sprays of highly viscous straight glycerol show that the FB injector produces fine sprays with flow-weighted average Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) of 30 to 40 µm at axial locations of 2.0 to 10.0 cm downstream of the injector exit [21,22,28,29]. Clean and stable combustion of kerosene, diesel and biodiesel has been achieved using the FB injector in a 7 kW swirl stabilized burner [20][21][22][23][24]30]. FB injector has been shown to produce stable and clean blue flames of high viscosity fuels yielding very low CO and NO X emissions at the combustor exit [20][21][22][23][24]30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clean and stable combustion of kerosene, diesel and biodiesel has been achieved using the FB injector in a 7 kW swirl stabilized burner [20][21][22][23][24]30]. FB injector has been shown to produce stable and clean blue flames of high viscosity fuels yielding very low CO and NO X emissions at the combustor exit [20][21][22][23][24]30]. Table 1 compares the key physical properties of diesel, biodiesel, and glycerol fuels used in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion of straight glycerol with/without methane using a fuel-flexible, low-emissions burner

Jiang

Agrawal

2014

Fuel

Self Cite

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In this study, we present a fuel-flexible dual-fuel combustor to simultaneously burn methane and/or straight glycerol without preheating either glycerol or air by utilizing a novel flow-blurring (FB) liquid fuel injector. Product gas temperature, NO X and CO emissions at multiple locations inside the combustor are measured to quantitatively assess the flame structure, related to liquid atomization, droplet evaporation, and fuel-air mixing in the near field. For fixed total heat release rate, the impact of fuel mix on combustion performance is investigated by varying the methane gas and glycerol flow rates. For the same fuel mix, air to liquid mass ratio effect is evaluated by varying the atomizing air flow rate. Pure glycerol flame is also investigated to demonstrate the fuel flexibility and ease of switching between gas and liquid fuels in the present system. Results show that the methane combustion can assist glycerol vaporization to results in its rapid oxidation. In spite of the differences in the flame structure, profiles of product gas temperature and emissions at the combustor exit reveal that complete and mainly lean premixed combustion with low emissions is achieved for all of the test cases indicating excellent fuel flexibility of the present combustor using the FB injector.

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Flow Blurring Atomization for Low-Emission Combustion of Liquid Biofuels

Cited by 59 publications

References 26 publications

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

Visualization and size-measurement of droplets generated by Flow Blurring® in a high-pressure environment

Combustion of straight glycerol with/without methane using a fuel-flexible, low-emissions burner

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