Flow cytometric analysis for assessing the malignant potential of breast cancer

Abe, Rikiya; Ueki, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1002/jso.2930360409

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Several other studies reveal a close correlation between aneuploid tumors and increasing histologic grade. 6,8,20,28,36 Other studies revealed no significant correlation between DNA content and histologic grade. 1,3,26 Previous studies on stage of breast carcinoma have yielded conflicting results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Is DNA ploidy an independent prognostic indicator in infiltrative node-negative breast adenocarcinoma?

Keyhani‐Rofagha¹,

O’Toole²,

Farrar³

et al. 1990

Cancer

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To evaluate DNA content as an independent, long-term prognostic indicator in infiltrative, node-negative adenocarcinoma of the breast, flow cytometric DNA analyses were performed retrospectively in 165 patients. The exclusive use of paraffin-embedded tissue permitted the study of patients for whom 3 to 15 years' follow-up was available. Other investigators have shown a relationship between DNA nuclear content and well-known prognostic indicators of breast carcinoma, such as estrogen receptors, age, menopausal status, and stage of tumor. However, very few of these studies were based on patients with long-term clinical follow-up and investigated the independent prognostic value of DNA nuclear content. The frequency of aneuploidy in the patients in this study was 57%, with DNA indices ranging from 0.73 to 2.59. Survival in patients with localized breast carcinoma with DNA aneuploid tumors was 84.1% at 5 years and 75.5% at 10 years. Those with diploid tumors showed survival of 87.8% at 5 years and 73.4% at 10 years. These data show no independent prognostic value for DNA nuclear content. The relationship between DNA content, tumor histologic type, and age was also investigated. High-grade tumors were more often aneuploid. There was no association between DNA content and age. Of 165 patients, information regarding estrogen receptor status was available in only 77; 45% of those with aneuploid tumors and 35% with diploid tumors were estrogen receptor-negative. This difference was not significant. The authors conclude that simple determination of DNA ploidy fails to indicate prognosis for infiltrative, node-negative breast carcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Is DNA ploidy an independent prognostic indicator in infiltrative node-negative breast adenocarcinoma?

Keyhani‐Rofagha¹,

O’Toole²,

Farrar³

et al. 1990

Cancer

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Medical and legal implications of screening and follow-up procedures for breast cancer

Spratt

1990

Cancer

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Grievances result from false expectations on the part of both practitioners and patients when a disease treatment problem is unsolved because of biological variations in the disease itself. Widely publicized screening and follow-up recommendations are often the source of the grievances. Even when recommendations are followed exactly, bad outcomes are still associated with incurable cancer even though a fatal outcome is inevitable. Patients must be told about treatment prospects including limitations of efficacy, so that patient expectations will be realistic. Otherwise, practitioners may find themselves involved in lawsuits alleging deviation from case standards for an adverse outcome actually attributable to the nature of the cancer. Because screening and follow-up techniques continue to control treatment of breast cancer, such lawsuits are common. When ineffective treatment exists, there often are adverse harm/benefit considerations and high costs, particularly when screening or follow-up are practiced defensively, without hard data proving the value of a strategy. This article will review these problems, placing specific emphases on screening and follow-up procedures and on strategies for breast cancer. Factors that limit efficacy and increase both cost and diagnosis-associated morbidity will also be explored.

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Mitotic rate, DNA distribution, and chromatinin situ sensitivity to heparin in breast cancer

Weiß¹,

Brasching²,

Bock

et al. 1990

Breast Cancer Res Tr

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The purpose of this study was to characterize breast carcinomas by cell kinetic parameters. Mitotic rate (MR) and flow cytometrically (FCM) measured cell cycle distribution as well as chromatin testing in situ employing heparin for determination of activated chromatin, provided the following results: MR counted in 73 unselected carcinomas showed an increase up to a tumor size of 4.2 cm (p less than 0.05); beyond this diameter, the MR was found to decrease. In T1-T2 carcinomas, cell cycle stage analysis yielded higher percentages of cells in S and G2M phase for ductal (13% and 12%, N = 22) than for lobular (8% and 7%, N = 8) node-negative carcinomas (p less than 0.002). In ductal carcinomas, lymph node involvement was reflected by higher % G2M values (15%, N = 26) compared with negative cases (12%, N = 22) (p less than 0.05). Ductal node-positive T3-T4 carcinomas (N = 10) revealed a higher % S value (16%) than their T1-T2 counterparts. A correlation between MR and % G2M was established only up to a tumor size of 4.2 cm (r = 0.39, p less than 0.05). A highly sensitive ('H') and a poorly sensitive ('P') subgroup of carcinomas with respect to heparin-induced changes in fluorescence intensity of the G1/0 peak of the DNA aneuploid cell line were identified, as previously shown. These subgroups were here updated with a larger number of carcinomas and were limited to T1-T2 cancers (N = 57). Group 'H' included more younger patients (p less than 0.005), less cases with nodal involvement in ductal carcinomas (p less than 0.05), and lower % G2M values in lobular node-negative cases (p less than 0.05), than group 'P'. DNA diploid cells always existing in DNA aneuploid carcinomas are more sensitive than their aneuploid counterparts (p less than 0.01); however, they strengthen the stratification to 'H' and 'P'. We suggest 'H' carcinomas to be less aggressive than 'P' carcinomas. Small breast carcinomas are recommended to cell kinetic investigations for individualizing adjuvant therapy.

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Flow cytometric analysis for assessing the malignant potential of breast cancer

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Is DNA ploidy an independent prognostic indicator in infiltrative node-negative breast adenocarcinoma?

Is DNA ploidy an independent prognostic indicator in infiltrative node-negative breast adenocarcinoma?

Medical and legal implications of screening and follow-up procedures for breast cancer

Mitotic rate, DNA distribution, and chromatinin situ sensitivity to heparin in breast cancer

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