Fluid elasticity can enable propulsion at low Reynolds number

Keim, Nathan C.; Garcia, Mike; Arratia, Paulo E.

doi:10.1063/1.4746792

Cited by 83 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A similar object, two unequal spheres connected by a rigid rod, was used in experiments by Keim et al [26]. In that case the spheres oscillate together as a rigid body about an axis orthogonal to the line connecting their centers (see Fig.…”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of Locomotion Through Complex Fluids

Elfring

Lauga

2014

Complex Fluids in Biological Systems

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Microorganisms such as bacteria often swim in fluid environments that cannot be classified as Newtonian. Many biological fluids contain polymers or other heterogeneities which may yield complex rheology. For a given set of boundary conditions on a moving organism, flows can be substantially different in complex fluids, while non-Newtonian stresses can alter the gait of the microorganisms themselves. Heterogeneities in the fluid may also be characterized by length scales on the order of the organism itself leading to additional dynamic complexity. In this chapter we present a theoretical overview of small-scale locomotion in complex fluids with a focus on recent efforts quantifying the impact of non-Newtonian rheology on swimming microorganisms.

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Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Experiments on two rigidly connected spheres rotating about an out-of-plane axis leads to net viscoelastic locomotion in the direction of the larger sphere [26].…”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Locomotion Through Complex Fluids

Elfring

Lauga

2014

Complex Fluids in Biological Systems

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“…Any small displacement of a single particle as well as any innitesimal stress increase can cause transition from a stable state to a uid-like behavior. Consequently, this type of dynamics becomes highly nonlinear in the surrounding nature [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Aspects Concerning the "Memorization Effect" in Complex Fluid

et al. 2014

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In the frame of a non-standard scale relativity model, the specic momentum, states density and internal energy conservations laws are obtained. The chaoticity, either through turbulence in the fractal hydrodynamics approach, or through stochasticization in the Schrödinger type approach, is generated only by the non-dierentiability of the movement trajectories of the complex uid entities. Using the conservation laws mentioned above, by numerical simulations, hysteretic type eects (dynamics of hysteretic cycles) occur.

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“…The study of microswimmer motion has gained a lot of impetus recently, driven in equal measure by advances in experimental technology, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] numerical methods, [13][14][15][16][17] and theoretical modelling. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The increased attention has served to highlight the dazzling variety of ways in which nature accomplishes the difficult task of achieving nonreversibility of motion, as is required for propagation at low Reynolds numbers, [25] despite relative sparseness of degrees of motile freedom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of body deformability on microswimming

et al. 2017

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In this work we consider the following question: given a mechanical microswimming mechanism, does increased deformability of the swimmer body hinder or promote the motility of the swimmer? To answer this we study a microswimmer model composed of deformable beads connected with springs. We determine the velocity of the swimmer analytically, starting from the forces driving the motion and assuming that the oscillations in the effective radii of the beads are known and are much smaller than the radii themselves. We find that to the lowest order, only the driving frequency mode of the surface oscillations contributes to the swimming velocity, and that this velocity may both rise and fall with the deformability of the beads depending on the spring constant. To test these results, we run immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann simulations of the swimmer, and show that they reproduce both the velocity-promoting and velocity-hindering effects of bead deformability correctly in the predicted parameter ranges. Our results mean that for a general swimmer, its elasticity determines whether passive deformations of the swimmer body, induced by the fluid flow, aid or oppose the motion.

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Fluid elasticity can enable propulsion at low Reynolds number

Abstract: Conventionally, a microscopic particle that performs a reciprocal stroke cannot move through its environment. This is because at small scales, the response of simple Newtonian fluids is purely viscous and flows are time-reversible. We show that by

Cited by 83 publications

References 34 publications

Theory of Locomotion Through Complex Fluids

Theory of Locomotion Through Complex Fluids

Some Aspects Concerning the "Memorization Effect" in Complex Fluid

Effect of body deformability on microswimming

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