Fluidized Bed Combustion: Technology for Efficient Utilization of Biomass Residues

Abstract

Fossil fuels are the most common and reliable energy source, which presently fulfill 80% energy requirements all across the world. In the last few decades, over-consumption, fast pace modernization and population growth are some prominent factors which are exploiting the fossil fuels. The degradation of natural resources has gone up at an alarming rate which provoked to look for an alternate source of energy. From all available alternative renewable energy sources, biomass is the only carbon-based sustainable option. But, its diversity makes it a complex and difficult fuel. Among all technologies used for energy generation from the biomass, fluidized bed combustion is emerging as a suitable best option to handle fuel diversity. This article deals with biomass fluidization and its combustion in a fluidized bed. The difficulties encountered during biomass combustion and different solutions for the same have been highlighted. Problems like deposition, corrosion, agglomeration and trace metal emission have been discussed and their remedies to avoid the discontinuity in the operation of biomass-fired fluidized bed combustor. This technical approach will help to reduce environmental problems, improve the economic structure of the nation, and remove obstacles for sustainable energy development.