Fluoranthene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, inhibits light as well as dark reactions of photosynthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Growth and antioxidant system responses of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling to different concentration of pyrene in a controlled environment

“…The results indicated that the growth variables were smaller by increasing of the concentrations of pyrene compared to the control plant. The reduction of the growth variables in the presence of PAHs had been reported previously in plants such as wheat (Tomar & Jajoo, 2014;Salehi & Deljoo, 2015), maize, pea seedlings (Kummerova et al, 2012), and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh (Liu et al, 2009). Pyrene and possibly other compounds of this group by disrupting the development and function of the roots in the early stages of plant growth are playing an important role in mineral nutrition, will disrupt the growth and also decrease it.…”

“…A number of factors such as concentration and physicochemical properties of the compound, soil type, temperature, plant species and stage of ontogenesis, and lipid content of plants can influence the rate of PAHs uptake by plants (Binet et al, 2000). Indeed, all stages of plant growth can be affected by PAHs from germination to production (Tomar & Jajoo, 2014). PAHs also have harmful effect on plants in terms of decrease in photosynthesis and respiration, changes in enzyme activities, photosynthetic pigments content (Alkio et al, 2005), and injury to membranes by lipid oxidation (Branquinho et al, 1997;Chiang et al, 1996).…”

Photomodified fluoranthene exerts more harmful effects as compared to intact fluoranthene by inhibiting growth and photosynthetic processes in wheat

“…Fluoranthene (FLT) is one of the most frequent organic pollutants in the environment. Previously we had investigated the effects of intact FLT contamination on plant growth, particularly photosystem II (PSII) activity (Tomar and Jajoo, 2013a;Tomar and Jajoo, 2013b;Tomar and Jajoo, 2014). In the present study our aim is to assess and compare the effects of FLT and photomodified FLT (P.FLT) on overall plant growth, particularly activity and heterogeneity of PSII along with biochemical changes.…”

Prompt chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for crop phenotyping: an example of barley landraces exposed to various abiotic stress factors

“…Chl fluorescence techniques have been used to study precisely effects of various stress factors, such as high and low temperature (Mathur et al 2011), quality and intensity of radiation, water stress, salinity (Mehta et al 2010), herbicides as inhibitors of photosynthesis, heavy metals (Mathur et al 2016), particulate pollution (Tomar and Jajoo 2014), soil gas, and phytotoxic materials on plants and in atmosphere (Fracheboud andLeipner 2003, Dai et al 2009). The test can be performed both on individual plants (including transgenic), or entire ecosystems in order to evaluate a tolerance for individual or various stress factors (Bolhàr-Nordenkampf and Öquist 1993, Schreiber et al 1994, Strasser et al 2000, Maxwell and Johnson 2000.…”