Fluorene‐Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers: Preparation and Chemical Sensing Application

Abstract

in the CMP networks could adsorb and confine the guest molecules, which makes CMPs perfect candidates for chemical sensing. To further improve sensing performances, rationally designed CMPs with high fluorescence and large surface areas should be used.Fluorene-based conjugated polymers have been widely used as active materials in organic optoelectronic devices [16,17] and chemical sensing agents [18,19] because of their easy synthesis, good processability, and high fluorescence quantum yield. In recent years, different types of microporous organic polymers containing fluorene units have been prepared and used as gas adsorbents [20,21] and thermoelectric materials. [22] More specifically, Huang and coworkers reported a series of fluorene-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the detection of nitro explosives and metal ions with high efficiency. [23][24][25] Since long-term stability of MOFs under various conditions remains a big problem, incorporating fluorene units into more robust CMPs would be a good method to enhance stability while retaining their outstanding fluorescent properties.In this context, three novel fluorene-based conjugated microporous polymers (FCMP1-FCMP3) with different electronic structures were prepared using rational-designed monomers. The FCMPs show high degree of microporosity, decent specific surface areas, and variable fluorescence. Chemical sensing performance of FCMPs toward a range of nitroaromatic compounds was studied and it was found that FCMP3, which possesses the largest specific surface area and the highest solid-state photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield, exhibits the highest sensitivity for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds. Experimental Section Synthesis of the MonomersThe synthetic routes and physical characterizations of monomers M1-M3 were described in the Supporting Information. Synthesis of the Polymer Networks by Yamamoto Coupling ReactionThe CMPs (FCMP1-FCMP3) were synthesized by Yamamoto coupling reactions with similar experimental conditions. A

Conducting Polymers in the Design of Biosensors and Biofuel Cells

“…Some CPs were applied in simple optical/visual [ 65 , 66 ] and photoluminescence-based [ 67 ] sensing, e.g., a conjugated microporous polymer was applied as a sensing platform for the determination of aminoglycoside antibiotic in water [ 68 ]. CPs based on carbazole-based structures (namely, N -benzyldibromo-carbazole, N -benzyldimethoxy-carbazole, and N -benzylcarbazole) were applied in the design of fluorescence-based sensors and were applied for the determination of some pesticide (glyphosate, trifluralin, cyfluothrin, fenitrothion, imidacloprid, and isopropalin) concentrations [ 69 ].…”

Low‐Carbon‐Content Composite Bipolar Plates: A Novel Design and Its Performance in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

“…The growing interest in renewable energy sources like wind and solar power has driven the development of energy storage system ,. Moreover, energy storage system can reduce power grid pressure by storing excess electricity at non‐peak time and subsequently delivering at peak time .…”

Unravelling the Dynamic Capture of Antibiotics by Conjugated Microporous Polymers

“…Also, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been proven to be promising absorbents for CO 2 uptake, and hydrogen storage applications, but MOFs are not stable enough under certain conditions, such as wet and acidic conditions . Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have also shown prospective applications in many fields, such as optical application, chemical sensor, catalysis, solar cells, and gas sorption, owning to CMP's controllable structure, high surface area as well as excellent physicochemical stability. For example, Li et al.…”