Fluorescent light exposure incites acute and prolonged immune responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) skin

Gonzalez, Trevor J.; Lu, Yuan; Boswell, Mikki; Boswell, William T.; Medrano, Geraldo; Walter, Sean M.; Ellis, Stephen; Savage, Markita; Varga, Zoltán; Lawrence, Christian; Sanders, George E.; Walter, Ronald B.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.09.009

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The colour of fish is determined by the type of melanin synthesized, whereby a disturbance of the latter due to different environmental factors cause colour defects (Ferreira & Magina, ). Prolonged exposure of an organism to a fluorescent light may create potential adverse effects on the health of animals such as extracellular damage (skin; Chang et al, ; Gonzalez et al, ). Such changes in skin colour due to light were also observed in False Clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris (Yasir & Qin, ) and Red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Pavlidis et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of tyrosinase and cysteine, which are the determinants of fish colour can be affected by several factors such as dietary composition (Wang et al, ; Watson, Wayman, Kelley, Feugier, & Biourge, ) and environment cues such as light (Gonzalez et al, ). In this study, we found that artificial photoperiod manipulation affected the contents of tyrosinase and cysteine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the genetic basis of skin colour changes and factors affecting the pigmentation of red tilapia is paramount for the development of its production. Light produces specific wavelength bands, which affect genes and the transcription factors in the skin of fish (Chang et al, ; Gonzalez et al, ). The effect of light has been studied in model aquatic organisms such as platyfish, Xiphophorus maculatus , zebrafish, Danio rerio and Medaka, Oryzias latipes (Boswell et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of photoperiod on growth performance and melanogenesis pathway for skin pigmentation of Malaysian red tilapia

Atuganile

Zhu

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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Farming of red tilapia is increasing rapidly. However, its commercial farming development is challenged by lack of clear information on genetic basis for skin colour and pigmentation differences due to environmental changes. This study investigated the effects of photoperiod (light:dark, L:D) on the growth and skin colour variation of Malaysian red tilapia. A total of 180 fish weighing 150.48 ± 0.44 g were reared under natural photoperiod (13L:11D, control), prolonged lightness (24L:0D) and prolonged darkness (0L:24D) in three replicates for 78 days. The weight gain of fish cultured under both prolonged light and darkness were significantly higher than fish under natural photoperiod. The tyrosinase level in ventral skin was significantly higher for fish cultured under prolonged darkness condition than in the other two photoperiod regimes. Contrary, the cysteine level in the dorsal skin was significantly higher in the fish cultured under natural photoperiod than in prolonged light and darkness. The relative mRNA expressions of SRY‐related HMG‐Box 10 (sox 10), tyrosine (tyr), tyrosine‐related protein 1 (tyrp‐1) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (slc7a11) genes were significantly higher in ventral skin of fish under prolonged darkness than the other two photoperiods. This study demonstrates that photoperiod has an impact on melanogenesis and growth of red tilapia. Understanding the effects of photoperiod on genetic basis of red tilapia will help in selective breeding programme of the important economic traits for the development of commercial red tilapia farming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of photoperiod on growth performance and melanogenesis pathway for skin pigmentation of Malaysian red tilapia

Atuganile

Zhu

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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“…Mature adult male Danio rerio (TU, zebrafish, 3) from the Zebrafish International Resource Center in Eugene, OR, and three mature adult male Oryzias latipes (Cab, medaka) from the Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center were used for FL exposure (40 min, 35 kJ/m 2 ). All protocols were carried out as previously described [1,13]. Prior to light exposure, fish were placed individually into 100 mL of filtered home aquaria water and kept in the dark for 14 h. FL exposure occurred in UV-transparent cuvettes (9 × 7.5 × 1.5 cm) in 90 mL of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Light Incites a Conserved Immune and Inflammatory Genetic Response within Vertebrate Organs (Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes and Mus musculus)

Boswell

et al. 2019

Genes

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Fluorescent light (FL) has been utilized for ≈60 years and has become a common artificial light source under which animals, including humans, spend increasing amounts of time. Although the solar spectrum is quite dissimilar in both wavelengths and intensities, the genetic consequences of FL exposure have not been investigated. Herein, we present comparative RNA-Seq results that establish expression patterns within skin, brain, and liver for Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes, and the hairless mouse (Mus musculus) after exposure to FL. These animals represent diurnal and nocturnal lifestyles, and ≈450 million years of evolutionary divergence. In all three organisms, FL induced transcriptional changes of the acute phase response signaling pathway and modulated inflammation and innate immune responses. Our pathway and gene clustering analyses suggest cellular perception of oxidative stress is promoting induction of primary up-stream regulators IL1B and TNF. The skin and brain of the three animals as well as the liver of both fish models all exhibit increased inflammation and immune responses; however, the mouse liver suppressed the same pathways. Overall, the conserved nature of the genetic responses observed after FL exposure, among fishes and a mammal, suggest the presence of light responsive genetic circuitry deeply embedded in the vertebrate genome.

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“…These experiments [1][2][3][4] and others [5][6][7] were the first to characterize the genetic response of an intact animal to various light sources and/or specific wavelengths. However, they do not directly address the question of how FL induces highly conserved inflammatory and cellular immune responses initiated by the IL1B regulator, in both a direct light receiving organ and internal organs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconvoluting Wavelengths Leading to Fluorescent Light Induced Inflammation and Cellular Stress in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Boswell¹,

Boswell²,

Lu³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Fluorescent light (FL) has been shown to induce a cellular immune and inflammatory response that is conserved over 450 MY of evolutionary divergence and among vertebrates having drastically different lifestyles such as Mus musculus, Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes and Xiphophorus maculatus. This surprising finding of an inflammation and immune response to FL not only holds for direct light receiving organs (skin) but is also observed within internal organs (brain and liver). Light responsive genetic circuitry initiated by the IL1B regulator induces a highly conserved acute phase response in each organ assessed for all of biological models surveyed to date; however, the specific light wavelengths triggering this response have yet to be determined so investigation of mechanisms and/or light specific molecule(s) leading to this response are difficult to assess. To understand how specific light wavelengths are received in both external and internal organs, zebrafish were exposed to specific 50 nm light wavebands spanning the visible spectrum from 300-600 nm and the genetic responses to each waveband exposure were assessed. Surprisingly, the induced cellular stress response previously observed following FL exposure is not triggered by the lower "damaging" wavelengths of light (UVB and UVA from 300-400 nm) but instead is maximally induced by higher wavelengths ranging from 450-500 nm in skin to 500-600 nm in both brain and liver). Although both research animals and humans are spending increasing amounts of time indoors and under commonly used fluorescent light bulbs, little is known about potential health and genetic effects due to use of this type of artificial light. Recently, the genetic effects of fluorescent light (FL, "cool" white, 4100 K) exposure were investigated and surprisingly this light source was found to induce a highly conserved inflammatory and cellular immune genetic response in three biomedical fish models and the hairless mouse 1,2. Thus, the conserved FL inflammatory/immune response spans ~450 MY of evolution, is observed in both a direct light receiving organ, skin, as well as in brain and liver. The skin and the brain showed up-regulation of the inflammation/immune response in all animals tested. However, in the liver, even though the same genetic pathways and upstream regulators were modulated in both aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, the mouse liver exhibited a suppressed response rather than up-regulation as in the fishes. This may be due to the nocturnal lifestyle of the mouse and the liver's ability to adjust its gene expression patterns to metabolic cycles, rather than to light regulation. Regardless, the interesting genetic conservation of response to FL is reported in vertebrates spanning different environmental niches (new world tropical versus old world marsh lands), reproductive mechanism (oviparous versus viviparous), and lifestyle (diurnal versus nocturnal). Thus, we speculate this non-circadian based light response is deeply imbedded within the vertebrate genome. Fluorescent light (...

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Fluorescent light exposure incites acute and prolonged immune responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) skin

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of photoperiod on growth performance and melanogenesis pathway for skin pigmentation of Malaysian red tilapia

Effects of photoperiod on growth performance and melanogenesis pathway for skin pigmentation of Malaysian red tilapia

Fluorescent Light Incites a Conserved Immune and Inflammatory Genetic Response within Vertebrate Organs (Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes and Mus musculus)

Deconvoluting Wavelengths Leading to Fluorescent Light Induced Inflammation and Cellular Stress in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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