Fluorescent photoswitchable nanohybrids based on photochromism

Hu, Zhenkun; Zhang, Qing; Xue, Minzhao; Sheng, Qiaorong; Liu, Yangang

doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.08.063

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Classical strategies for photochrome incorporation into organic media include the dispersion of the molecular species (doping) in polymers [36,37] or in organogels [38,39]. A different route of photochromic dye encapsulation is their polymerization reaction with suitable polymers in emulsion polymerization [24,40], microemulsion copolymerization [21] or miniemulsion polymerization [41]. A very important class of photochromic dye containing nanoparticles is hybrid inorganic-organic composites by attaching photochromes on the surface of magnetic [42,43], silver [44], gold [45][46][47][48][49], silica [50][51][52][53] and semiconductive, e.g.…”

Section: Scheme 3 Reversible Photoisomerization Of Azobenzenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main asset of polymerization methods is that they are much simpler than the covalent chemical synthesis [40,41].…”

Section: Emulsion Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protective nanoscale environment impeded photodegradation reactions as found in fatigue investigations. A diarylethene (1,2-bis(2-methyl-1-benzo-thiophene-3-yl) perfluorocyclopentene) and a matched fluorescent dye (perylenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester) were encapsulated in cross-linked polymeric matrix via a modified miniemulsion polymerization process and a seeded polymerization technique [41]. The dyes were completely co-dissolved in solution of methyl methacrylate, styrene and N-vinylcarbazole comonomers, and glycol dimethacrylate cross-linker.…”

Section: Miniemulsion Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Förster radius, at which half of the donor chromophores decay via the energy transfer pathway, is proportional to the spectral overlap integral. Fluorescent nanoparticles can be prepared by incorporating photochromic dyes that are fluorescent in one of their states, into various nanoparticles by entrapment, or self-assembly strategies [81,24,40,41]. Alternatively, fluorescent components are encapsulated together with photochromic dyes within the same macromolecular construct for fluorescence modulation [41,78,80].…”

Section: Fluorescence In Connection With Photochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescent nanoparticles can be prepared by incorporating photochromic dyes that are fluorescent in one of their states, into various nanoparticles by entrapment, or self-assembly strategies [81,24,40,41]. Alternatively, fluorescent components are encapsulated together with photochromic dyes within the same macromolecular construct for fluorescence modulation [41,78,80]. A fluorescent component can be attached to a photochromic switch and then the forming fluorophore-photochrome dyad can be appended to a polymer backbone [92].…”

Section: Fluorescence In Connection With Photochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Feczkó¹,

Vončina²

2013

COC

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Photochromic organic dyes can be widely used in materials for optically rewritable data storage, photonic switches, memories, sensors, or actuators. In recent years photochromic materials based on nanoparticles became particularly focused, since they can be dispersed in colloidal aqueous suspensions or incorporated in thin films, avoiding problems of light scattering or shallow light penetration in bulk materials. Spiropyrans, spirooxazines and diarylethenes were by far the most researched photochromes in nanoparticulate systems. Great effort was made to investigate photochromic dyes incorporated into organic nanoparticles via self-assembly strategies, covalent linkage or dispersion of the molecular species in polymers (doping). Nanoparticles composed of solely photochromic dyes were prepared by laser ablation and reprecipitation techniques. Photochromic dyes were microencapsulated by self-assembly, soap free-, emulsion/microemulsion/miniemulsion or free radical-(co)polymerization. Sol-gel processing from silane precursors to poly(organo)siloxane matrix is a common method to synthesize doped or core-shell photochromic organogels. Coloured forms of some photochromes display fluorescence; however, a more effective strategy for fluorescence modulation with photochromic molecules is integrating them, covalently or noncovalently, with a separate fluorophore in the same nanoparticles. These photoresponsive nanoparticles may find applications particularly in biological fields such as cell labelling and bioimaging. The purpose of this review is to summarize the preparation methods of organic nanoparticles containing photochromic dyes and to investigate their typical properties derived from their nanoparticulate character.Keywords: photochromic nanoparticle, laser ablation, reprecipitation, polymerization, doping, fluorescence INTRODUCTIONPhotochromism is a reversible structural and colour change of a species triggered in one or both directions by electromagnetic radiation [1]. The shift of optical absorption, due to change in molecular structure or conformation results in colourization, while the coloured product decolourizes after a structure rearrangement in the back (generally thermal) reaction. The reversible transformations of photochromic compounds are usually based on ring opening/closing steps, cis/trans isomerizations, proton transfer, electron transfer or cycloadditions [2]. Like other stimuli responsive materials (e.g. heat and pH-sensitive materials), photochromic devices are responsive to an external stimulus, in this case, light. Light is the most attractive stimulus due to the fact that its wavelength, intensity and focus can be tuned. Photochromic materials have been investigated extensively during the past few decades because of optical responses and nonlinear optical, electronic and magnetic properties [3]. Photochromic materials have a high potential for applications to ophthalmic lenses [4,5] [15], and also for microstructuring and patterning surfaces [16]. Therefore, photosensitive, nanoscal...

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Section: Scheme 3 Reversible Photoisomerization Of Azobenzenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main asset of polymerization methods is that they are much simpler than the covalent chemical synthesis [40,41].…”

Section: Emulsion Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Miniemulsion Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluorescence In Connection With Photochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluorescence In Connection With Photochromismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Feczkó¹,

Vončina²

2013

COC

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Photoswitchable Nanoprobes for Biological Imaging Applications

Zhang

2010

Trace Analysis With Nanomaterials

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A Cascade FRET‐Mediated Ratiometric Sensor for Cu²⁺Ions Based on Dual Fluorescent Ligand‐Coated Polymer Nanoparticles

Frigoli

Ouadahi

Larpent

2009

Chemistry A European J

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Core-shell type dual fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) in the 16 nm diameter range with a selective ligand (cyclam) attached to the surface and two fluorophores--9,10-diphenyl-anthracene (donor, D) and pyrromethene PM 567 (acceptor, A)--embedded within the polymer core were synthesized and their fluorescent and copper-sensing properties were studied and compared to single D-doped and A-doped NPs. The acceptor (A) and donor (D) dyes were chosen to allow two sequential Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) processes from D to A and from the encapsulated dyes to copper complexes that form at the surface and act as quenchers. NPs with different D/A loads were readily obtained by two consecutive entrapments of the dyes. Dual NPs present tunable fluorescence emission that is dependent on the doping ratio. FRET from D to A results in sensitized emission from A upon excitation of D, with FRET efficiencies reaching 80 % at high acceptor loads. A 9-fold amplification of the signal of A is observed at high D-to-A ratios. Single- and dual-dye-doped NPs were used to detect the presence of cupric ions in water by using the quenching of fluorescence as a transduction signal. In accordance with the spectral overlaps and the values of the critical distance (R0) of D- and A-copper complex pairs, the acceptor is much more sensitive than the donor. In dual fluorescent NPs, the sensitized emission of A is efficiently attenuated whereas the remaining emission of D is much less affected, allowing the detection of copper in a ratiometric manner upon excitation at a single (D) wavelength. Dual-dye-doped NPs with the highest acceptor loads (23 A-per-NP) were found to be the most sensitive for the detection of copper over a wide range of concentrations (20 nM to 8.5 microM). Owing to its great convenience and modularity, the cascade FRET strategy based on dual fluorescent NPs holds great promise for the design of various sensing nanodevices.

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Fluorescent photoswitchable nanohybrids based on photochromism

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Photoswitchable Nanoprobes for Biological Imaging Applications

A Cascade FRET‐Mediated Ratiometric Sensor for Cu²⁺Ions Based on Dual Fluorescent Ligand‐Coated Polymer Nanoparticles

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Fluorescent photoswitchable nanohybrids based on photochromism

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Organic Nanoparticulate Photochromes

Photoswitchable Nanoprobes for Biological Imaging Applications

A Cascade FRET‐Mediated Ratiometric Sensor for Cu2+Ions Based on Dual Fluorescent Ligand‐Coated Polymer Nanoparticles

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Product

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A Cascade FRET‐Mediated Ratiometric Sensor for Cu²⁺Ions Based on Dual Fluorescent Ligand‐Coated Polymer Nanoparticles