Fluoride Concentration in Root Surfaces and Alveolar Bone of Fluoride-Immersed Monkey Incisors Three Weeks After Replantation

Abstract

Immersion in fluoride solution increased fluoride concentration in three root layers of extracted monkey incisors. Replantation of the teeth resulted in fluoride uptake by adjacent bone.The immersion of teeth in concentrated fluoride solutions before delayed replantation1-3 and allogenic transplantation4 in monkeys and rats has been found to effectively inhibit the rate of subsequent root resorption. In vitro experiments with root surfaces of human teeth immersed in concentrated fluoride solutions have shown a high fluoride uptake. The subsequent immersion of these fluoride-treated teeth for 24 hours (a period known to release almost all labile fluoride) in saline resulted in a decrease in the fluoride concentration by about half.5This investigation deals with fluoride uptake by the root surfaces of extracted monkey incisors immersed in 2°%-, NaF * 0.1 M H3PO4 (pH 5.5) for 20 minutes5; residual fluoride in the root cementum after a period of replantation; and uptake by the adjacent alveolar bone of fluoride released from the cementum. Materials and MethodsThe mandibular right and left lateral incisors of five rhesus monkeys were extracted, and biopsy specimens of the lingual plate of the left lateral incisor were obtained and air-dried. The pulps of the two extracted teeth were extirpated and the teeth were immersed in 2% phosphate-acidulated sodium fluoride (pH, 5.5) for 20 minutes. After fluoride immersion the teeth were dipped in saline for ten seconds to remove excess fluoride solution on the tooth. The left lateral incisor then was air-dried and the right lateral incisor root canal was filled, replanted and sprinted. After three weeks the replanted incisor was extracted, biopsy specimens of the lingual plate of alveolus (experimental) were obtained, and the tooth and bone samples were air-dried.Extracted incisors and alveolar bone chips of 11 other rhesus monkeys were used as controls.Examination of three consecutive root layers of the extracted untreated incisors and the fluoride-immersed and replanted fluorideimmersed incisors was carried out by immersion of the roots in 1 ml 0.25 N HCl for three two-minute periods. Weighing of the root layers removed by HCl was carried out under standardized conditions. The amount removed from each root varied between 1.5 and 2 mg. Fluoride analysis of the removed root layers and ashed bone samples was conducted with an electrodes according to the method of Singer and Armstrong.6 The statistical significance of fluoride analysis differences was calculated by the t test. The criterion for statistical significance was P < 0.05. ResultsThe results of this experiment are shown in the table. Teeth immersed in 2% NaF-0.1 M H3PO4 for 20 minutes showed a significant increase in the amount of fluoride a Union Research, Cambridge, Mass.

Use of vitamin C in delayed tooth replantation

“…The literature has supported that this protocol leads to the best results (9,10). Accordingly, the findings of the 60-day evaluation showed more areas of ankylosis and replacement resorption for Group I (treatment of root surface with 2% acidulated-phosphate sodium fluoride) than for the vitamin C groups.…”

“…Acidic solutions have been used on root surface to facilitate the reattachment of connective fibers and the acidulated fluoride solutions have shown the most favorable results, mainly when the periodontal ligament is degenerated or had been removed (9,10).…”

“…Among the acidic solutions, the acidulatedphosphate sodium fluoride has yielded the most favorable results (7,8,10) and is recommended by the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) guidelines for delayed tooth replantation (11).…”

Knowledge of Emergency Management of Avulsed Teeth Among General Dentists in Kathmandu

“…1 The incorporation of fluoride ions in the cementum layer has been found to yield root surface resistant to resorption. 9 Further, if the tooth has been dry for more than 60 minutes before replantation, root Original Article canal treatment may be carried out extra-orally prior to replantation. 3 After replantation, an avulsed permanent tooth should be splinted.…”

Microscopic investigation of the use of gallium nitrate for root surface treatment in rat teeth submitted to delayed replantation

“…The use of fluoride on root surface, in addition to strengthening its structure, with formation of fluorapatite, is toxic to the resorptive cells acting in the hard tissues (1)(2)(3)(4). The use of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal therapeutic agent may avoid or limit inflammatory resorption (5) due to its alkaline pH and bactericidal effect (6) and thus eliminate the local infection.…”