Fluorinated Polyurethanes, Synthesis and Properties

Smirnova, O. U.; Глазков, А. А.; Yarosh, A. A.; Sakharov, A. M.

doi:10.3390/molecules21070904

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, the decomposition temperatures of PU foams are associated with the functional groups in their chemical structures. For example, fluorinated PUs with an onset degradation temperature of 247–330 °C were synthesized using fluorinated alcohols and aromatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates …”

Section: Flame Retardants For Polyurethane Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, fluorinated PUs with an onset degradation temperature of 247−330 °C were synthesized using fluorinated alcohols and aromatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates. 100 It has been observed that the flammability behavior of rigid and flexible PU foams are different, although they are chemically identical. 101 The low thermal inertia of rigid PU foams leads to a short ignition temperature and rapid spread of flame on ignition.…”

Section: Flame Retardants For Polyurethane Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advancements in Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Yadav

Souza

Dawsey

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In modern society, the multifarious polymeric material polyurethane (PU) is used in household appliances and commercial sectors. Statistics shows the usage of PU as rigid and flexible foams is the highest among different PU-based materials. Industrially viable synthesis, tailor-made porosity and pore morphology, robustness to micro-organisms, weathering, hydrolytic degradation, and resistance to a wide range of chemicals are the excellent attributes of PU foams. Despite achieving significant attention in academia and industries, the prominent tendency to fire-catching or flammability and rapid-fire spread on ignition are the serious concerns of PU foams at their end-use. The figures on home fire accidents and associated fire injuries, loss of civilians, and properties primarily due to fire-catching of furniture are highly devastating. Therefore, a large volume of efforts has been dedicated to decorating flame retardancy in PU foams using a wide range of flame retardants (FRs) (in-situ or post-synthesis). Hence, the focus of this review is to summarize various FRs for rigid and flexible PU foams. The mechanism of flame retardancy, advantages and limitations of various FRs, and the past decade’s advancements achieved concerning the flame retardancy of PU foams have been explored.

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Section: Flame Retardants For Polyurethane Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flame Retardants For Polyurethane Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Yadav

Souza

Dawsey

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The as-obtained PU retains its mechanical properties and microphase separation structural characteristics and attains high hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, thermal stability, flame retardancy, and biocompatibility. This makes FPU stand out among other modified PU materials; therefore, it is widely used in coatings, clothing textiles, and the aerospace and biomedical fields [10,11]. FPU has garnered wide attention since it was successfully synthesized using diisocyanate and fluor diol by Lovelace [12] for the first time in 1958.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications of Fluorinated Polyurethane

Li,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Fluorinated polyurethane (FPU) is a new kind of polyurethane (PU) material with great applicational potential, which is attributed to its high bond energy C-F bonds. Its unique low surface energy, excellent thermal stability, and chemical stability have attracted considerable research attention. FPU with targeted performance can be precisely synthesized through designing fluorochemicals as hard segments, soft segments, or additives and changes to the production process to satisfy the needs of coatings, clothing textiles, and the aerospace and biomedical industries for materials that are hydrophobic and that are resistant to weathering, heat, and flames and that have good biocompatibility. Here, the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of FPU are comprehensively reviewed. The aims of this research are to shed light on the design scheme, synthesis method, structure, and properties of FPU synthesized from different kinds of fluorochemicals and their applications in different fields and the prospects for the future development of FPU.

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“…This principle is also applied to diamines and dithiols for the preparation of uorinated polyamines or uorinated poly(sul de). Further hybrid chains are presented in the literature, and show the presence of poly(aryl ether)s alternating with poly( imide)s, poly(azomethine), or poly(diazo-based) within the conjugated chains [4,20,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per-Fluorinated Azo- and Azomethane-Based Organic Polymers Developed Via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism: Synthesis, Thermal, Optical Properties, Porosity and Environmental Applications

Altarawneh

El‐Kaderi

Richard

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A new series of ether-linked, per-fluorinated organic polymers bearing azo- (-N = N-) and azomethane (-C = N-) organic linkers was reported. The synthetic methodology relied on applying the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (NAS) to fluorinated linkers (e.g. decafluorobiphenyl and hexaflourobenzene) and diols of azo- and azomethane linkers. The successful formation of the new structures revealing ether-linkage substitution of selected fluorine sites was confirmed by 1H-, 13C-, 19F-NMR and FTIR. All polymers were thermally stable in the range of 350–500 °C due to the variation of fluorine and nitrogen contents. The extended conjugation of the polymers was confirmed by the changes in the UV-Vis spectra of the organic linkers and their corresponding polymers. A notable hypsochromic shift was observed in all cases, which was more pronounced with azo-based fluorinated chains due to the H-bonding on the nitrogen sites, chain conformations and planarity. The optical band gap (Eg) of the polymers was determined from the UV-Vis. The Eg values of azo-based fluorinated polymers were higher by 1eV compared to their corresponding linkers. The 19F-NMR analysis confirmed two types of NAS on both the ortho- and para- positions of the fluorinated linkers. These connections created the possibility of developing cross-linked frameworks beside the open-chain confirmation with tailored hydrophobic nature. The cross-linking formation was characterized by porosity measurements, including surface area (SA), pore size and pore volume. The highest measured values were recorded for the azo-based polymer (DAB-Z-1h), which reached 438 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g. A surface area of 105 m2/g was the lowest for the open-chain azomethane-based polymer (DAB-A-1O) with a pore volume of 0.0872 cm3/g. The beneficial formation of porous structures with varied hydrophobic nature was investigated as adsorbents for separating water/benzene, water/phenol and the selective binding of methane/carbon dioxide gases from the air. The most hydrophobic polymers that contain the decafluorbiphenyl linker were suitable for benzene separation, and the superior methane uptake values were 6.14 and 3.46 mg/g, for DAB-Z-1O and DAB-A-1O, respectively. On the other hand, DAB-Z-1h, with the highest surface area (438 m2/g) and rich with nitrogen sites, has the highest CO2 uptake at 298 K (17.25 mg/g).

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Fluorinated Polyurethanes, Synthesis and Properties

Abstract: Fluorinated polyurethanes with a glass transition temperature as low as´139˝C and a decomposition onset temperature of 247-330˝C were prepared by a reaction of fluorinated alcohols with aromatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates in solution or melt.

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Recent Advancements in Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Recent Advancements in Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Foams: A Review

Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications of Fluorinated Polyurethane

Per-Fluorinated Azo- and Azomethane-Based Organic Polymers Developed Via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism: Synthesis, Thermal, Optical Properties, Porosity and Environmental Applications

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