Fluorometric Optimized Determination of Total Glutathione in Erythrocytes

Francioso, Antonio; Fanelli, Sergio; Cavallaro, Rosaria A.; Fontana, Mario; Mattioli, Roberto; D’Erme, Maria; Mosca, Luciana

doi:10.3390/separations8060083

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the cells, the GSH/GSS ratio is greater than 30, and in the serum is about 10 times lower (Hwang et al 1992 ). Most studies evaluated the concentration of GSH in erythrocytes, where GSH concentration is high, however, whether it is a good measure of oxidative stress, is still under question (Francioso et al 2021 ). Lower GSH levels do not necessarily have to be related to increased oxidative stress, but rather to suppressed cysteine pools as a result of a specific diet.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Jomova,

Raptova,

Alomar

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

513

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A physiological level of oxygen/nitrogen free radicals and non-radical reactive species (collectively known as ROS/RNS) is termed oxidative eustress or “good stress” and is characterized by low to mild levels of oxidants involved in the regulation of various biochemical transformations such as carboxylation, hydroxylation, peroxidation, or modulation of signal transduction pathways such as Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and other processes. Increased levels of ROS/RNS, generated from both endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH oxidases) and/or exogenous sources (radiation, certain drugs, foods, cigarette smoking, pollution) result in a harmful condition termed oxidative stress (“bad stress”). Although it is widely accepted, that many chronic diseases are multifactorial in origin, they share oxidative stress as a common denominator. Here we review the importance of oxidative stress and the mechanisms through which oxidative stress contributes to the pathological states of an organism. Attention is focused on the chemistry of ROS and RNS (e.g. superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, peroxyl radicals, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite), and their role in oxidative damage of DNA, proteins, and membrane lipids. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers is also discussed. Oxidative stress contributes to the pathology of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, Down syndrome), psychiatric diseases (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), renal disease, lung disease (chronic pulmonary obstruction, lung cancer), and aging. The concerted action of antioxidants to ameliorate the harmful effect of oxidative stress is achieved by antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutases-SODs, catalase, glutathione peroxidase-GPx), and small molecular weight antioxidants (vitamins C and E, flavonoids, carotenoids, melatonin, ergothioneine, and others). Perhaps one of the most effective low molecular weight antioxidants is vitamin E, the first line of defense against the peroxidation of lipids. A promising approach appears to be the use of certain antioxidants (e.g. flavonoids), showing weak prooxidant properties that may boost cellular antioxidant systems and thus act as preventive anticancer agents. Redox metal-based enzyme mimetic compounds as potential pharmaceutical interventions and sirtuins as promising therapeutic targets for age-related diseases and anti-aging strategies are discussed.

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Section: Oxidative Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Jomova,

Raptova,

Alomar

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

513

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The biochemical tests included the determination of hemoglobin was made using the oxyhemoglobin method ( Attia et al, 2015 ), hematocrit ( Malenica et al, 2017 ), and glutathione ( Francioso et al, 2021 ), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBAR; 26), total glutathione ( Zeb and Ullah, 2016 ), total lipids ( Shapaval et al, 2019 ) and total serum cholesterol ( Valdivia and Bhattacharya, 2022 ) were measured.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biochemical, theoretical and immunohistochemical study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin and taurine on T-2 toxin induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Al-Zahrani

Balgoon

El-Sawi

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Introduction: Foodborne trichothecene T-2 Toxin, is a highly toxic metabolite produced by Fusarium species contaminating animal and human food, causing multiple organ failure and health hazards. T-2 toxins induce hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress causing hepatocytes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In this study, curcumin and taurine were investigated and compared as antioxidants against T-2-provoked hepatotoxicity.Methods: Wistar rats were administrated T-2 toxin sublethal oral dose (0.1 mg/kg) for 2 months, followed by curcumin (80 mg/kg) and taurine (50 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Biochemical assessment of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), AFU, TNF-α, total glutathione, molecular docking, histological and immunohistochemical markers for anti-transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), double-strand DNA damage (H2AX), regeneration (KI67) and apoptosis (Active caspase3) were done.Results and Discussion: Compared to T-2 toxin, curcumin and taurine treatment significantly ameliorated hepatoxicity as; hemoglobin, hematocrit and glutathione, hepatic glycogen, and KI-67 immune-reactive hepatocytes were significantly increased. Although, liver enzymes, inflammation, fibrosis, TGFβ1 immunoexpressing and H2AX and active caspase 3 positive hepatocytes were significantly decreased. Noteworthy, curcumin’s therapeutic effect was superior to taurine by histomorphometry parameters. Furthermore, molecular docking of the structural influence of curcumin and taurine on the DNA sequence showed curcumin’s higher binding affinity than taurine.Conclusion: Both curcumin and taurine ameliorated T-2 induced hepatotoxicity as strong antioxidative agents with more effectiveness for curcumin.

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“…GSH have fight free radicals, antioxidation, and can enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity, and so on. Besides, GSH can enhance human immune function and plays an extremely important role in the regulation of nervous system, and can protect the liver synthetic, detoxifying, and intact toxins [3][4], etc. Therefore, to develop a simple, fast and visual method to detect the content of GSH is of great significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the determination method on reducing glutathione-indirect spectrophotometry

Gao,

Han,

Liu

et al. 2023

Second International Conference on Biomedical and Intelligent Systems (IC-BIS 2023)

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Fluorometric Optimized Determination of Total Glutathione in Erythrocytes

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

A biochemical, theoretical and immunohistochemical study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin and taurine on T-2 toxin induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Study on the determination method on reducing glutathione-indirect spectrophotometry

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