Focal adhesion molecules as potential target of lead toxicity in NRK‐52E cell line

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the influence of inorganic lead (Pb(II)), an environmental pollutant having nephrotoxic action, on the focal adhesion (FA) organization of a rat kidney epithelial cell line (NRK-52E). In particular, we evaluated the effects of the metal on the recruitment of paxillin, focal adhesion kinase, vinculin and cytoskeleton proteins at the FAs complexes. We provided evidences that, in proliferating NRK-52E cell cultures, low concentrations of Pb(II) affect the cell adhesive ability and stimulate the disassembly of FAs, thus inhibiting the integrin-activated signalling. These effects appeared to be strictly associated to the Pb-induced arrest of cell cycle at G0/G1 phase also proved in this cell line.

Potential Alleviation of <I>Chlorella vulgaris</I> and <I>Zingiber officinale</I> on Lead-Induced Testicular Toxicity: an Ultrastructural Study

“…In the current work, minimal changes were observed in the basal lamina thickness. This is against previous results, showing an increase in basal lamina thickness in the PbAc-treated group and attributed this thickening to an increase in the collagenous fibers, either due to the overproduction of collagen by fibroblasts or due to a decrease in collagen phagocytosis (GIULIANI et al 2005). The junctions in-between Sertoli cells in the PbAc-treated group were found to remain intact in the present work, which may be attributed to the resistance of these junctions to lead or the effects of paracrine hormone from the nearby Leydig cells (MARCHLEWICZ et al 2004).…”

Cadmium affects focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in mesangial cells: Involvement of CaMK‐II and the actin cytoskeleton

“…However, whereas sodium arsenite caused decreased cell migration with focal adhesion and cytoskeletal disruption in myoblasts, it actually decreased FAK tyrosine phosphorylation [Yancy et al, 2005]. Similarly, lead caused a decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK, while total FAK levels were unchanged [Giuliani et al, 2005]. This apparent difference between the effects on FAK phosphorylation of Cd versus arsenic and lead may occur due to an effect of Cd 2+ on Ca 2+ signaling.…”

“…Focal adhesions have previously been shown to be disrupted by toxic elements [Chatzizacharias et al, 2008] such as arsenic [Yancy et al, 2005] and lead [Giuliani et al, 2005], which alter the structural integrity of the actin cytoskeleton. We recently showed that Cd 2+ may potentially disrupt focal adhesions in rat mesangial cells with loss of vinculin from focal contacts, and that inhibition of CaMK‐II prevents this effect [Templeton and Liu, 2013].…”

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Macrocyclic Ligand and Its Copper (II), Cadmium (II), and Lead (II) Complexes: Genotoxic Activity of These Complexes in Cultured Human Lymphocytes

“…Some heavy metals are known to have high affinity for thiol groups in cysteine residues (Giuliani et al, 2005;Bertin and Averbeck, 2006). On the other hand, several various compounds containing Cu and Cd have been reported for their genotoxic and antitumor activities (Easmon et al, 2001;Lukevics et al, 2006).…”