Focus on respiration

Hanson, Andrew D.; Millar, A. Harvey; Nikoloski, Zoran; Way, Danielle

doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad041

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As much as half of recently fixed carbon is soon lost due to aerobic respiration, which results in the re-release of some fixed CO2 into the oceans or atmosphere. Respiration is essential for cellular metabolism and therefore occurs constantly in all photosynthetic organisms [51]. After a rather slow start, both photosynthetic carbon sequestration and oxygen evolution eventually had far-reaching global geological and biological impacts as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Photosynthesis and Carbon Sequestration In The Early Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Murphy

2024

Preprint

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In the global carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon emissions, both ‘natural’ and anthropogenic, are balanced by carbon uptake (i.e. sequestration) that mostly occurs via photosynthesis, plus a much smaller proportion via geological processes. Since the formation of the Earth about 4.54 billion years ago the ratio between emitted and sequestered carbon has varied considerably with atmospheric CO2 levels ranging from 100,000 ppm to a mere 100 ppm. Over this time, a huge amount of carbon has been sequestered due to photosynthesis and essentially removed from the cycle, being buried as fossil deposits of coal, oil and gas. Relatively low atmospheric CO2 levels were the norm for the past 10 million years, and during the past million years they averaged about 220 ppm. More recently, the Holocene epoch, starting ~11,700 years ago, has been a period of unusual climatic stability with relatively warm, moist conditions and low atmospheric CO2 levels of between 260 and 280 ppm. During the Holocene, stable conditions facilitated a social revolution with domestication of crops and livestock leading to urbanisation and development of complex technologies. As part of the latter process, immense quantities of sequestered fossil carbon have recently been used as energy sources, resulting in a particularly rapid increase in CO2 emissions after 1950 CE to the current value of 424 ppm, with further rises to >800 ppm predicted by 2100. This is already perturbing the previously stable Holocene climate and threatening future food production and social stability. Today, the global carbon cycle has been shifted such that carbon sequestration is no longer keeping up with recent anthropogenic emissions. In order to address this imbalance it is important to understand the roles of high-capacity carbon sequestration systems, such as natural forests and tropical croplands, and to devise strategies to facilitate net CO2 uptake.

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Section: Photosynthesis and Carbon Sequestration In The Early Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Murphy

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As much as half of recently fixed carbon is soon lost due to aerobic respiration, which results in the re-release of some fixed CO 2 into the oceans or atmosphere. Respiration is essential for cellular metabolism and, therefore, occurs constantly in all photosynthetic organisms [51]. After a rather slow start, both photosynthetic carbon sequestration and oxygen evolution eventually had far-reaching global geological and biological impacts, as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Photosynthesis and Carbon Sequestration In The Early Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Murphy

2024

Earth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the global carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon emissions, both ‘natural’ and anthropogenic, are balanced by carbon uptake (i.e., sequestration) that mostly occurs via photosynthesis, plus a much smaller proportion via geological processes. Since the formation of the Earth about 4.54 billion years ago, the ratio between emitted and sequestered carbon has varied considerably, with atmospheric CO2 levels ranging from 100,000 ppm to a mere 100 ppm. Over this time, a huge amount of carbon has been sequestered due to photosynthesis and essentially removed from the cycle, being buried as fossil deposits of coal, oil, and gas. Relatively low atmospheric CO2 levels were the norm for the past 10 million years, and during the past million years, they averaged about 220 ppm. More recently, the Holocene epoch, starting ~11,700 years ago, has been a period of unusual climatic stability with relatively warm, moist conditions and low atmospheric CO2 levels of between 260 and 280 ppm. During the Holocene, stable conditions facilitated a social revolution with the domestication of crops and livestock, leading to urbanisation and the development of complex technologies. As part of the latter process, immense quantities of sequestered fossil carbon have recently been used as energy sources, resulting in a particularly rapid increase in CO2 emissions after 1950 CE to the current value of 424 ppm, with further rises to >800 ppm predicted by 2100. This is already perturbing the previously stable Holocene climate and threatening future food production and social stability. Today, the global carbon cycle has been shifted such that carbon sequestration is no longer keeping up with recent anthropogenic emissions. In order to address this imbalance, it is important to understand the roles of potential biological carbon sequestration systems and to devise strategies to facilitate net CO2 uptake; for example, via changes in the patterns of land use, such as afforestation, preventing deforestation, and facilitating agriculture–agroforestry transitions.

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“…In plants, respiration alone can lead to as much as 15-30% of carbon loss, significantly lowering the overall photosynthetic carbon yield 4 . Optimization of respiratory metabolism thus could minimize carbon loss and enhance the overall photosynthetic carbon yield 5,6 . However, studies on respiration and its relations to photosynthesis are relatively sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimization of respiratory metabolism thus could minimize carbon loss and enhance the overall photosynthetic carbon yield 5,6 . However, studies on respiration and its relations to photosynthesis are relatively sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark respiration modulates photosynthetic carbon yield in cyanobacteria

Xie,

Sharma,

Rusche

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Cyanobacteria contribute to roughly a quarter of global net carbon fixation. During diel light/dark growth, dark respiration significantly lowers the overall photosynthetic carbon yield in cyanobacteria and other phototrophs. Currently, it is unclear how photosynthetic organisms allocate carbon resources at night for optimal dark survival. Here we show in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 that phosphoketolase and 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDPG) aldolase are orchestrated in an integrative respiratory network in the dark to best allocate carbon resource for amino acid synthesis and preparation for photosynthesis reinitiation upon photoinduction. We further show that the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway is incomplete in S. elongatus with the KDPG aldolase participating in dark respiration through an alternative decarboxylation activity. Optimization of dark respiration thus represents a unique strategy to enhance photosynthetic carbon yield in cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms.

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Focus on respiration

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Biological Carbon Sequestration: From Deep History to the Present Day

Dark respiration modulates photosynthetic carbon yield in cyanobacteria

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