Fog Precipitation in the Cloud Forests of Eastern Mexico

Vogelmann, H. W.

doi:10.2307/1296569

Cited by 100 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…9,3 na área de estudo, quanto em Floresta (Rodal & Nascimento 2002), houve um maior esforço de coleta ou 2) que haja maior riqueza de epífitas nessas florestas estacionais de maior altitude, em função da maior nebulosidade ou "precipitação oculta". A esse respeito, especialmente orquídeas e bromélias, apresentam adaptações morfológicas para absorção de água e nutrientes nos estratos mais altos da floresta, o que pode representar uma vantagem em ambientes caracterizados pela alta nebulosidade que, segundo Vogelmann (1973), é o fator responsável pela existência e manutenção das florestas montanas. No interior do fragmento foi comum a presença de Cattleya labiata e Prosthechea fragans, Tillandsia cf.…”

Section: Procedimento Amostral E Análise Estatísticaunclassified

Florística de uma floresta estacional no Planalto da Borborema, nordeste do Brasil

2012

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ResumoO conhecimento disponível sobre a flora das florestas montanas (Brejo de Altitude) do semiárido de Pernambuco aponta duas situações: uma com maior semelhança à das florestas mais próximas à costa atlântica; e outra mais similar às florestas mais secas do sertão nordestino. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a composição de fragmentos de floresta montana no município de Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco, situados numa área geográfica de transição entre aqueles tipos florestais. Os resultados foram comparados com cinco levantamentos florísticos realizados em florestas pernambucanas que utilizaram metodologia similar de amostragem. Foram identificadas 293 espécies, distribuídas em 185 gêneros e 71 famílias. As espécies arbóreas e arbustivas/subarbustivas se destacaram em riqueza total de espécies coletadas (50% e 24%, respectivamente), indicando similaridade florística com as florestas montanas mais próximas à costa atlântica. Os outros hábitos não apresentaram padrão claro de similaridade florística. Palavras-chave: Brejo de Altitude, composição florística, floresta montana, fragmento. AbstractThe information available on the flora of upland forests of Pernambuco's semi-arid region ("brejo de altitude") indicates two situations: one flora more similar with forests closer to the Atlantic coast; and another more similar to the drier forests of northeastern inlands. This study aimed to investigate the floristic composition of upland forest fragments in the municipality of Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco, located in a geographical transition area between those forests. The results were compared with five floristic surveys carried out in Pernambuco forests that used similar sampling methodologies. Two-hundred ninety-three species were identified, distributed among 185 genera and 71 families. Arboreal and shrubby/subshrub species stood out richness of the total species collected (50% and 24%, respectively), which indicates floristic similarity with the highland forests closer to the Atlantic coast. The other habits did not present clear floristic similarity patterns.

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Section: Procedimento Amostral E Análise Estatísticaunclassified

Florística de uma floresta estacional no Planalto da Borborema, nordeste do Brasil

2012

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“…For example, fog in the mountainous, eastern coastal region of the country has been studied in some detail from different viewpoints that include: climatevegetation relationships (Ern, 1972;Vogelmann, 1973;Lauer, 1978;Maderey et al, 1989;Holwerda et al, 2010;Esperón-Rodríguez and Barradas, 2015), hydrological balance (Barradas, 1983;Gotsch et al, 2014), chemical characteristics and effects of fog water deposition (Báez et al, 1998), and some meteorological (Fitzjarrald, 1986) and microphysical aspects (García-García and Montañez, 1991;García-García et al, 2002). For the Mexico Basin, Magaña et al (2002) explored the general characteristics of fog formation and its consequences for the international airport operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Modeling of Fog in the Mexico Basin

González-Viveros

Caetano

García‐García

2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The character of fog in a region centered at Mexico City International Airport was investigated using 10 years of historical data. Hourly surface observations, synoptic charts, satellite images and twice-a-day radiosondes were used to identify fog events under the influence of various synoptic and mesoscale features. A quantitative assessment on the likelihood of which mechanisms lead to fog formation was obtained. Also, three fog events (radiation, advection and frontal) were simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and the results were compared to observations. The study included a comparison of the skills of different planetary boundary layer (PBL) and microphysical schemes. A sort of generalization cannot easily be applied, but allows one to determine which parameterizations performed better for each case in a high, tropical region. In general, from the model results for liquid water content, the cloud microphysics WSM3 and PBL Yonsei University schemes reproduced advection and frontal fog events quite well, whereas CAM 5.1 and Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination schemes worked better for radiation fog episodes.

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“…Fog and cloud waters have been recognised as important carriers for the deposition of water-borne pollutants in high elevation forests (Kroll & Winkler 1989, Whitman 2000, Wrzesinsky & Klemm 2000. The process of fog condensation on vegetation foliage and dripping to soil surfaces can significantly affect the water balance in mountain watersheds (Vogelmann 1973, Krečmer et al 1979, Ingwersen 1985, Lovett & Reiners 1986, Dawson 1998. Recently, fog collection technologies (simple devices based on erected nets facing oncoming winds and trapping water particles in the air) have been developed in many parts of the world to modify the water cycle and to support local water supplies (Ruiz 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, fog collection technologies (simple devices based on erected nets facing oncoming winds and trapping water particles in the air) have been developed in many parts of the world to modify the water cycle and to support local water supplies (Ruiz 2005). Fog has also been viewed as an important source of moisture in coastal ecosystems (Dawson 1998); however, effective fog/cloud water trapping by vegetation has been mainly reported in cloud forests (Vogelmann 1973, Holder 2003, Hildebrandt & Eltahir 2008. In general, higher elevation forests show relatively significant additional water yields due to the occurrence of fog (Ingwersen 1985, Walmsley et al 1996, Igawa et al 2002), and Holder (2003 has called the conservation of high elevation forests an important tool for water supply engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid atmospheric deposition in a forested mountain catchment

Křeček¹,

Palán²,

Stuchlı́k³

2017

iForest

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(2) Acid atmospheric deposition is harmful to both forest and aquatic ecosystems. In mountain catchments, acidification also leads to difficulties in water resource management. In 2010-2012, acid atmospheric deposition was analysed in a small forest catchment located in the upper plain of the Jizera Mountains (Czech Republic). Patch observations included monitoring of the canopy interception in two mature stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies) at elevations of 745 and 975 metres a.s.l., and twelve passive fog collectors situated along an elevation gradient between 862 and 994 metres a.s.l. In the studied area, fog (and low cloud) precipitation starts to affect the interception loss of the spruce canopy at elevations above 700 metres. However, fog drip was found to also rise with the canopy area. At the catchment scale, methods of spatial interpolation (ArcGIS 10.2) were used to approximate the aerial atmospheric deposition of water and acidic substances (sulphate, nitrate and ammonia). In the watersheds of two adjacent drinking water reservoirs, Josefův Důl and Souš, the mean annual fog drip from the canopy was between 88 and 106 mm (i.e., 7-8% of the mean annual gross precipitation, or 10-12% of the mean annual runoff). Simultaneously, this load also deposited 658 kg km -2 of sulphur and 216 kg km -2 of nitrogen (i.e., 55% and 48% of the "open field" bulk amounts). Therefore, in headwater catchments stressed by acidification, the additional precipitation (measured under the canopy) can increase the water yield, but can also contribute to a decline in water quality, particularly in environments of low buffering capacity.

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Fog Precipitation in the Cloud Forests of Eastern Mexico

Cited by 100 publications

References 2 publications

Florística de uma floresta estacional no Planalto da Borborema, nordeste do Brasil

Florística de uma floresta estacional no Planalto da Borborema, nordeste do Brasil

Characterization and Modeling of Fog in the Mexico Basin

Acid atmospheric deposition in a forested mountain catchment

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