Foliar methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application increased 2-acetyl-1-Pyrroline (2-AP) content and modulated antioxidant attributes and yield formation in fragrant rice

Riboflavin improves grain yield, 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline accumulation, and antioxidative properties of fragrant rice

“…However, the reduction in H 2 O 2 and MDA contents and the increase in SOD, POD, and CAT activities observed in subsequent sampling stages suggest that riboflavin may act as an inducer to enhance fragrant rice resistance. These observations are consistent with the findings of Zhang et al ., 15 who demonstrated that foliar application of 1 and 2 μmol L −1 methyl jasmonate (MeJA) could promote the defense capability of fragrant rice against oxidative stress injury by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT) and decreasing H 2 O 2 and MDA contents at 10 DAS, 20 DAS, and MS in experimental tissues (leaves and grains). Moreover, our correlation analysis (Fig.…”

“…Subsequently, the seeds were placed in an artificial climate incubator at 28 °C for 72 h. The germinated seeds were then sown evenly in rice seedling trays for healthy growth. At 30 days of age, the rice seedlings were transplanted into plastic pots containing 12 kg dried soil, following a standard protocol with four seedlings per hill and five hills per pot 15 . During the rice growth period, 8 g and 5 g of compound fertilizer (N:P:K = 16:16:16; YaraMiaole, Shanghai, China) were applied for the basic fertilization and topdressing, respectively.…”

“…As described by Zhang et al 15 . the constituents of extraction solution for determining the contents of substances and enzyme activities related to 2‐AP biosynthesis were prepared as follows.…”

“…These effects were attributed to elevated levels of pyrroline‐5‐carboxylic acid (P5C), proline, pyrroline, and MG, as well as increased activities of proline dehydrogenase (PDH), pyrroline‐5‐carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS), and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) in 2‐AP biosynthesis. Furthermore, plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as paclobutrazol (100–120 mg L −1 ) and methyl jasmonate (1–2 μmol L −1 ), along with the bactericide epoxiconazole (0.08–0.32 g L −1 ), have demonstrated positive effects on 2‐AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice 14‐16 …”

“…Furthermore, plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as paclobutrazol (100-120 mg L −1 ) and methyl jasmonate (1-2 μmol L −1 ), along with the bactericide epoxiconazole (0.08-0.32 g L −1 ), have demonstrated positive effects on 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice. [14][15][16] Riboflavin (IUPAC name: 7,8-dimethyl-10-ribitylisoalloxazine; molecular formula: C 17 H 20 N 4 O 6 ; molecular weight: 376.37; density: 1.7 g cm −3 ), also called vitamin B 2 , is a hydrosoluble and thermostable vitamin that can be biosynthesized by numbers of plants, microbes and yeasts, but not by animals or humans. 17 Riboflavin was first extracted from milk in the 1870s, and its fundamental chemical characteristics were determined in the 1930s.…”