Follicular dynamics in mules

Gastal, E.L.; Barros, L.O.; Carneiro, Gustavo Ferrer

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2013.10.099

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In most donkey breeds the dominant follicle grows 2-3 mm/day from deviation to ovulation 13,16 , however, in Catalonian donkeys, a large breed, the follicles grow up to ~4 mm/day from follicular deviation to the static follicular growth phase 25 . In jennies, one follicular wave was identified during the estrous cycle 26 , whereas there were no follicular waves detected in mules 15 . The ovulatory diameter varies from 30 to 48 mm (Table 2), with a positive association between body frame and follicular diameter 10,16,27,28 .…”

Section: Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Occurrence of multiple ovulations is extremely variable (0-50%) across breeds 16,18,33,34 , with the highest incidence in the Chinese Black donkey and Spanish and Portuguese breeds 13,25,34 (Table 2). In mules, the incidence of double ovulation was reported as 33.33% (15/45 cycles) in one study 15 . While the reproductive tract of jennies is proportionally larger than mares and mules, assessment of the reproductive tract is challenging in small frame animals.…”

Section: Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The duration of the donkey estrous cycle (~23-27 days) tends to be longer than mares (~21days), whereas mules tend to be intermediate in estrus cycle length (22 days) 7,15,16 . In donkeys, diestrus varies from 15 to 19 days, whereas estrus varies from 4 to 10 days, and ovulation occurs the day before the end of estrus 7,16,17 .…”

Section: Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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Key Aspects of Donkey and Mule Reproduction

Canisso

Panzani

Miró

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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Section: Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Key Aspects of Donkey and Mule Reproduction

Canisso

Panzani

Miró

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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“…Unlike horses, mules are hybrid animals, resulting from the crossbreeding between a jack and a mare (Salles et al 2013, Gastal et al 2014. Without further studies, it is not possible to use the horse's parameters for mules, due to a possible paternal influence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of right and left common carotid arteries of horses and mules by two-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler flow

et al. 2020

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In ultrasonography, the bi-dimensional mode (B-mode) allows the morphological and morphometric evaluation of several types of organs and tissues, while the Doppler mode allows the hemodynamic evaluation. In humans, the Doppler evaluation is routinely used in the assessment of important arteries and veins, such as the carotid arteries and jugular veins, with significant differences between genres and sides. However, in veterinary medicine, this diagnostic method is not yet well established in the evaluation of the carotid arteries, with only few reports in domestic horses. This study aims to compare the right and left common carotid arteries of domestic horses and mules using bi-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound evaluation. The common carotid arteries from 10 domestic horses (five males and five females) and 10 mules (five males and five females) were evaluated. The following variables were measured at three different portions (cranial, middle and caudal): diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak of systolic velocity (pSV) and final diastolic velocity (fDV). No significant differences were observed in the bi-dimensional variables (diameter and IMT) between the common carotid arteries of horses and mules, regardless of gender (p>0.05). In Doppler mode, there were no significant differences between carotid values in male and female horses (p> 0.05). In the mules, it was only possible to observe differences between the RI and PI values (p<0.05), being higher on the left side (0.81 and 2.04 respectively), and the fDV (p<0.05) higher, on the right side (14.35) in males. As for females, there was only in fDV (p<0.05), with the upper right side (23.16). Diameters and IMT do not differ between sides in horses and mules in B-mode ultrasound. Spectral Doppler in horses does not differ between sides, regardless of gender. As for mules, males differ in RI, PI and fDV between sides, while females differ only in fDV.

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“…The collection of hybrid embryos might be performed between days 6 and 9 after ovulation, and provides recovery of embryos in the early stages of development. mundo (Gastal et al 2014). Dessa maneira, o mercado de muares encontra-se em expansão e conta com animais de grande importância e valor zootécnico, mas, o número de mulas e burros ainda é pequeno em comparação ao número de equinos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Taxa de recuperação e características morfológicas de embriões muares (Equus caballus x Equus asinus)

et al. 2018

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RESUMO: A Transferência de Embrião (TE) contribuiu efetivamente para a produção de equinos e outras espécies. O mercado de muares tem apresentado um contínuo crescimento, entretanto, a aplicação das biotecnologias para a produção desses animais ainda é escassa. O presente estudo avaliou a taxa de recuperação embrionária e as características dos embriões provenientes do cruzamento de éguas com jumentos. Os embriões foram recuperados entre os dias 6 e 9 após a ovulação, dessa forma foi realizada a avaliação da taxa de recuperação embrionária e avaliação das características relacionadas com a idade, morfologia e diâmetro embrionário. A taxa de recuperação embrionária total foi de 55,9% (71/127), e não apresentou diferença para as colheitas realizadas em diferentes dias (D6-D9). Foram recuperados embriões nos estágios de mórula, blastocisto inicial, blastocisto e blastocisto expandido. O tamanho dos embriões variou entre 147-1688μm e a média do diâmetro de todos os embriões recuperados foi de 438,04μm. A recuperação de embriões muares pode ser realizada entre os dias 6 e 9 após a ovulação, e propicia a recuperação de embriões nos primeiros estágios de desenvolvimento.

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Follicular dynamics in mules

Cited by 3 publications

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Key Aspects of Donkey and Mule Reproduction

Key Aspects of Donkey and Mule Reproduction

Comparison of right and left common carotid arteries of horses and mules by two-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler flow

Taxa de recuperação e características morfológicas de embriões muares (Equus caballus x Equus asinus)

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