Food consumption pattern and obesity in preschool children in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil

Gomes, Karina Emanuella Peixoto de Souza; Costa, Maria Conceição Oliveira; Vieira, Tatiana de Oliveira; Matos, Sheila Maria Alvim; Vieira, Graciete Oliveira

doi:10.1590/1678-98652017000500009

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the numbers of dietary patterns identified in previous studies along with their composition and ability to capture overall variance remain relatively stable [ 36 ]. As for preschool children, some common dietary patterns considered healthy, less healthy, and traditional have been identified in previous studies [ 16 – 21 , 23 ]. They share many characteristics with the dietary patterns identified in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, China is Coke's third-largest market by volume [14], and the consumption of sugarsweetened beverages (SSBs) has become popular among children and adolescents [15]. There are plenty of studies focused on dietary patterns among preschool children [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], with several of them conducted in China [17,18,22,23]. However, few investigated the associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Few studies investigated the associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children. Thus, the study aims to explore dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. Methods With a stratified proportionate cluster sampling, the study included 3373 pairs of preschool children and their guardians. Children’s weight and height were measured by school nurses, and their food and beverage consumption frequencies were reported by guardians via a food frequency questionnaire. Children’s age, gender, physical activity time, and sedentary time, as well as their parents’ highest level of educational attainment, occupation, weight, and height were also collected. Dietary patterns were identified through exploratory factor analysis. Among these identified dietary patterns, the one with the largest factor score was defined as the predominant dietary pattern for each child. The associations between predominant dietary patterns and overweight/obesity were tested by two-level random-intercept logistic models with cluster-robust standard errors. Results Four dietary patterns, i.e., a “Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and snack” pattern, a “Chinese traditional” pattern, a “Health conscious” pattern, and a “Snack” pattern, were identified. Among the children, 21.02% (95% CI: 19.68 to 22.43%) were predominated by the “SSB and snack” pattern, 27.78% (95% CI: 26.29 to 29.32%) by the “Chinese traditional” pattern, 24.90% (95% CI: 23.47 to 26.39%) by the “Health conscious” pattern, and 26.30% (95% CI: 24.84 to 27.81%) by the “Snack” pattern. After controlling for potential confounders, the “SSB and snack” pattern characterized by fresh fruit/vegetable juice, flavored milk drinks, carbonated drinks, flavored fruit/vegetable drinks, tea drinks, plant-protein drinks, puffed foods, fried foods, and Western fast foods was associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.61, 95% CI:1.09 to 2.38), compared with the “Chinese traditional” pattern. Conclusions The preference for dietary patterns with high energy density but low nutritional value was prevalent among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing. Comprehensive measures to simultaneously reduce consumption of SSBs and unhealthy snacks among preschool children should be taken urgently to address the childhood obesity problem in China, particularly in metropolises.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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“…Dietary patterns have been used to summarize dietary consumption and evaluate how diets are associated with diseases in epidemiological researches (16). Few studies investigated associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children (17), while some did in other countries (18)(19)(20)(21). The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, and examine their associations with overweight/obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dietary Patterns and Their Associations With Overweight/Obesity Among Preschool Children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: A Cross-sectional Study

Min

Jing

Liao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundFew studies investigated associations between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among Chinese preschool children. Thus, the study aimed to explore dietary patterns among preschool children in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, and their associations with overweight/obesity.MethodsWith a stratified proportionate cluster sampling, the study included 3,373 pairs of preschool children and their guardians. Children’s weight and height were measured by school nurses, and their food and beverage consumption frequencies were reported by guardians via a food frequency questionnaire. Children’s age, gender, physical activity time, and sedentary time, as well as their parents’ highest level of educational attainment, occupation, weight, and height were also collected. Dietary patterns were identified through an exploratory factor analysis. Among these identified dietary patterns, the one with the largest factor score was defined as the predominant dietary pattern for each child. Associations between predominant dietary patterns and overweight/obesity were tested by two-level random-intercept logistic models with cluster-robust standard errors.ResultsFour dietary patterns, i.e., a “Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and snack” pattern, a “Chinese traditional” pattern, a “Health conscious” pattern, and a “Snack” pattern, were identified. Among the children, 21.02% (95% CI: 19.68% to 22.43%) were predominated by the “SSB and snack” pattern, 27.78% (95% CI: 26.29% to 29.32%) by the “Chinese traditional” pattern, 24.90% (95% CI: 23.47% to 26.39%) by the “Health conscious” pattern, and 26.30% (95% CI: 24.84% to 27.81%) by the “Snack” pattern. After controlling for potential confounders, the “SSB and snack” pattern characterized by fresh fruit/vegetable juice, flavored milk drinks, carbonated drinks, flavored fruit/vegetable drinks, tea drinks, plant-protein drinks, puffed foods, fried foods, and Western fast foods was associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity (OR: 1.61, 95% CI:1.09 to 2.38), compared with the “Chinese traditional” pattern.ConclusionsA preference for foods high in energy density but low in nutritional value was prevalent among preschool children in the Dongchen District of Beijing. Comprehensive measures to simultaneously reduce consumption of SSBs and unhealthy snacks among preschool children should be taken urgently to fight against rising childhood obesity in China, particularly in metropolises.

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“…The increased incidence of childhood obesity in recent years has been attributed to the intake of energy dense and nutritionally unbalanced foods, such as processed and ultra-processed foods. 1 The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) published a Nutritional Profile Model (NPM) with parameters for these type of foods, classifying high contents of critical nutrients, such as sodium, sugar, total fat, saturated fat, and trans-fat, as well as the presence of sweeteners. 2 Several studies considered this PAHO's NPM as a reference, although it was developed to be used in various Latin American foods and nutrition policies, or highlight its impact on categorizing products with excessive nutrients compared with others NPM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of high content of critical nutrients and claims in food products targeted at Brazilian children

Silva

Braga

Anastácio

2023

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate food labels targeted at children and identify the concomitant presence of claims and high levels of critical nutrients and/or the presence of sweeteners. As a secondary objective, it aimed to list different types of claims and check which marketing strategies are most used. Methods: We collected 409 products, from 8 popular food groups targeted at children, in Brazilian market (i.e., fruit drinks, dairy drinks, sandwich cookies, cakes, breakfast cereals, jellies, corn snacks, and yogurts). The contents of critical nutrients (e.g., sugar, total fat, saturated fat, and trans-fat, and sodium) and presence/absence of sweetener were calculated, considering Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) parameters. Then, we verified the presence and types of claims in these products. Results: Overall, 265 (64.7%) labels presented claims. In three of the eight categories (i.e., breakfast cereals, dairy drinks, and yogurt), all products with claims (50, 34, and 34 products, respectively) had one or more nutrients in harmful concentrations (critical nutrients above PAHO’s nutritional profile and/or presence of sweeteners). In the other categories, only one product (of 63 sandwich cookies and 26 breakfast cereals with claims) and three products (of 22 cakes and 28 jellies with claims) had no nutrient in critical concentration. The presence of claims, like “rich/source” of micronutrient, was predominant in seven of the eight food groups. Conclusion: In the present study, there was a high presence of claims, of different types, in foods targeted at children, which, for the most part, also have excess of at least one critical nutrient, according to PAHO.

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Food consumption pattern and obesity in preschool children in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study

Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study

Dietary Patterns and Their Associations With Overweight/Obesity Among Preschool Children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: A Cross-sectional Study

Coexistence of high content of critical nutrients and claims in food products targeted at Brazilian children

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