Force-activated ion channels in close-up

Jan, Yuh Nung

doi:10.1038/d41586-018-01631-z

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that form pores in the membrane, allowing specific ions to pass through in response to various stimuli, such as voltage, ligands, or mechanical force. 1,2,17 Examples of ion channels include voltage-gated channels, ligand-gated channels, and mechanically gated channels. On the other hand, ion transporters are membrane proteins that use energy to move ions across the membrane against their concentration gradient.…”

Section: Types Of Channels and Transporters Involved In Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Transport and Current are Linked to Membrane Proteins and Epithelium Transport

Kang

2024

Preprint

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Membrane proteins play a significant role in ion transport across cell membranes. They act as channels or transporters that allow ions to move across the membrane. Channels are typically selective for specific ions, while transporters move multiple types of ions. These proteins use energy from ATP or the electrochemical gradient to move ions against their concentration gradient. The movement of ions through these proteins generates an electrical potential difference across the membrane, which is important for various physiological processes. Noticeably, the epithelial tissues form barriers that separate different compartments in the body, such as the lumen of the gut, the ducts of glands, and the external environment. Epithelial cells play a significant role in ion transport and current in biological systems. For example, epithelial cells in the gut are responsible for the absorption of nutrients and water, and they use ion channels and transporters to move ions such as sodium, potassium, and chloride across their membranes. This process creates an electrical potential difference across the epithelial cell layer, leading to the generation of a current that drives ion movement. Importantly, the disruptions in membrane proteins and epithelial transport are implicated in many diseases, including cystic fibrosis, hypertension, arrhythmia, kidney disease, diarrhea, and renal failure. Studying the mechanisms will identify potential therapeutic targets and develop treatments for these diseases.

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Section: Types Of Channels and Transporters Involved In Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Transport and Current are Linked to Membrane Proteins and Epithelium Transport

Kang

2024

Preprint

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“…Simultaneously, the understanding of mechanobiology‐related pathologies and the development of therapeutics that target these complications have also been expanding. [ 162 ] Scientists are also unveiling the complete 3D structure and function of the ion channels that act as receptors for mechanical cues, [ 163 ] results that prove the complexity of mechanical signaling and its significant physiological relevance.…”

Section: Integrating Biomaterials Cues For Controlled Cell Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pushing the Natural Frontier: Progress on the Integration of Biomaterial Cues toward Combinatorial Biofabrication and Tissue Engineering

2022

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and shown able to integrate the organism and maintain physiological function for many years after implantation. Even though these are examples of success, they represent mostly nonvital organs generally simpler in terms of morphology and cellular complexity. On the other hand, vital organs like the kidney, heart, liver, or lungs top the list of transplant requirements worldwide. [4] Yet, there are no TE equivalents of these organs so far, resulting from their complex cellular function and architecture, which are extremely hard to engineer, leading to a continuous effort to better organ recovery and transplantation. [5] Biomaterials have been faithful companions of cells in TE strategies, physically supporting them and allowing the maintenance of their phenotype in distinct environments. In fact, with the recent advances in the field of 3D printing, biomaterial-based 3D structures can now be manipulated to approach the architecture of complex tissues and organs, such as vascular beds and cardiac components. [6,7] However, shape and architecture alone cannot assure the ultimate TE challenge: recapitulation of physiological cellular and tissue function. As such, there is one additional burden for biomaterials to carry-the control of cellular behavior. These requirements force upon biomaterials the need to be intelligent and dynamic, supporting and efficiently directing the behavior of cells toward specific outcomes.Natural-origin materials have been continuously derived from different animal and plant components, gathering attention as biomaterials due to their original role in biological environments. [8] However, their bioactivity and biodegradability can be just as limited as that of synthetic components. Thus, this review explores some of the leading natural materials that have been used in TE approaches, looking at their typical applications, degradability properties, and ability to interact with and be modified by the action of cells-a biomimetic, extracellular matrix (ECM)-like behavior. Furthermore, we explore the progress on the use of adhesive sequences and growth factors and their combinatorial applications with emerging synergistic results and novel biological outcomes. Likewise, as force and shape establish themselves as fair opponents to classical biochemical cues, [9,10] we review the recent progress in manipulating stiffness and topography within 3D natural materials and how they can further boost cellular responses.The engineering of fully functional, biological-like tissues requires biomaterials to direct cellular events to a near-native, 3D niche extent. Natural biomaterials are generally seen as a safe option for cell support, but their biocompatibility and biodegradability can be just as limited as their bioactive/ biomimetic performance. Furthermore, integrating different biomaterial cues and their final impact on cellular behavior is a complex equation where the outcome might be very different from the sum of individual parts. This review critically analyses recent progress on biomaterial-indu...

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“…The brain of intelligent life is an ultrahigh-performance parallel computing system that has advantages of low energy consumption, small size, and high efficiency . Different from a computer system, which processes information by controlling the flow of electrons within a fixed integrated circuit, the human brain transmits and processes information through the transmission of ions and molecules, including Na + , K + , Cl – , Ca 2+ , and neurotransmitters. − (Figure b) As widely acknowledged, the human brain is composed of a neuron network consisting of approximately 10 11 neuron cells and about 10 15 synapses, making it more robust and fault-tolerant than any digital computer. The ion conductivity is modulated by ion-selective membrane-spanned channels that generate action potential time- and voltage-dependently, transmitting information in an all-or-none fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Transistors

Mei,

Liu,

et al. 2024

ACS Nano

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Biological voltage-gated ion channels, which behave as life's transistors, regulate ion transport precisely and selectively through atomic-scale selectivity filters to sustain important life activities. By this inspiration, voltage-adaptable ionic transistors that use ions as signal carriers may provide an alternative information processing unit beyond solid-state electronic devices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the first generation of biomimetic ionic transistors, including their operating mechanisms, device architecture development, and property characterizations. Despite its infancy, significant progress has been made in the applications of ionic transistors in fields such as DNA detection, drug delivery, and ionic circuits. Challenges and prospects of full exploitation of ionic transistors for a broad spectrum of practical applications are also discussed.

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Force-activated ion channels in close-up

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Ion Transport and Current are Linked to Membrane Proteins and Epithelium Transport

Ion Transport and Current are Linked to Membrane Proteins and Epithelium Transport

Pushing the Natural Frontier: Progress on the Integration of Biomaterial Cues toward Combinatorial Biofabrication and Tissue Engineering

Ionic Transistors

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