Forced back into shape: Mechanics of epithelial wound repair

Lim, Shu En; Vicente-Munuera, Pablo; Mao, Yanlan

doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102324

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A semitransparent metallic film consists of a 15 nm gold film deposited on a 2 nm titanium film for better adhesion to glass. The metal films were prepared by vapor deposition onto a glass bottom Petri dish (µ-Dish, Ibidi) using an electron beam source (Univex 400, Leybold, Cologne, Germany) under high-vacuum conditions (∼10 −6 mbar). During vapor deposition, the film thickness was monitored using an oscillating quartz unit and verified using a profilometer.…”

Section: Star Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1–4 In epithelial morphogenesis, wound healing, and regeneration processes, cells typically migrate in cohesive sheets attached to the extracellular matrix (ECM). 5,6 Perturbations of cellular motion lead to severe developmental defects, compromised wound healing, or even tumor formation. 1,7,8 Collective migration is a function of cell shape, cell-cell connectivity, cell-substrate adhesion, and active traction forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Jipp,

Wagner,

Egbringhoff

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Collective cell migration is an emergent phenomenon, with long-range cell-cell communication influenced by various factors, including transmission of forces, viscoelasticity of individual cells, substrate interactions, and mechanotransduction. We investigate how alterations in cell-substrate dynamics, cell-substrate adhesion, and traction forces impact in-plane fluidity and temporal-spatial correlation of confluent monolayers comprising wild-type MDCK II cells or ZO1/2-depleted MDCK II cells (dKD). The combined data indicates that confluent dKD monolayers exhibit decreased in-plane fluidity compared to WT cells along with increased substrate adhesion, reduced traction forces, a more compact shape, diminished cell-cell interactions, and reduced cell-substrate height fluctuations. Depletion of basal actin and myosin further supports the notion that short-range cell-substrate interactions, particularly fluctuations driven by the basal actomyosin, significantly influence the migration speed of the monolayer on a larger length scale. Importantly, this in-plane fluidity proves to be highly compliant, requiring only a small portion of dynamic cells to maintain migration speed.

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Section: Star Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Jipp,

Wagner,

Egbringhoff

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Jipp,

Wagner,

Egbringhoff

et al. 2024

Cell Reports

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Monolayer force generation and transmission is dictated by focal adhesion distribution

Davis,

Solowiej-Wedderburn,

Vega

et al. 2024

Preprint

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For tissues to develop and maintain their function, cells must orchestrate their behaviour by generating and transmitting contractile forces. These forces are transmitted to their surrounding matrix or neighbouring cells via adhesion complexes. How tissues reach a force-balance is often assumed to involve intercellular stresses counterbalancing those in the substrate. However, experimental findings indicate that dampening focal adhesions can increase intercellular stresses. As the ECM is rarely uniform in composition or mechanical properties, it is important to understand how focal adhesions alter stress transmission and the force-balance of a tissue. To address this, we confined monolayers on disk or ring adhesive patterns to alter how they were bound to the substrate. Traction force microscopy and laser ablations of cell-cell junctions were used to examine stresses across epithelial monolayers whilst modulating substrate stiffness. We show that monolayers reach different force-balance states depending on focal adhesion distribution, with intercellular stresses not correlated with overall traction stresses on rings. Using an active matter model to examine the force-balance dynamics, we reveal that tissues reach a force-balance by generating non-uniform patterns of contractility linked to adhesion patterning. This work highlights the importance of considering the position and mechanical properties of cell-ECM and cell-cell attachments to capture the mechanical landscape of living tissues.

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Forced back into shape: Mechanics of epithelial wound repair

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Cell-substrate distance fluctuations of confluent cells enable fast and coherent collective migration

Monolayer force generation and transmission is dictated by focal adhesion distribution

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