Forensic Application of DNA Analysis*

Geberth, Vernon J.

doi:10.4324/9781003095835-16

Cited by 4 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Others, conversely, find homicides occurring in a small town or sparsely populated area more likely to be cleared (Litwin, 2004). Also, US studies find that homicides committed with a firearm are less likely to be cleared compared with cases involving other types of weapons (Litwin and Xu, 2007; Sturup et al, 2015), related to less forensic evidence being left at the scene and the accompanying greater physical distance between victim and perpetrator (Geberth, 1996; see Roberts, 2007). Findings on the influence of alcohol intoxication are mixed: whereas some studies find alcohol intoxication to be associated with lower clearance rates (Regoeczi et al, 2008), others report that cases are more likely to be solved if the victim is intoxicated with alcohol (Granath, 2011; Sturup et al, 2015).…”

Section: Previous Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homicide clearance in Western Europe

Liem

Suonpää²,

Lehti³

et al. 2018

European Journal of Criminology

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This study provides an overview of homicide clearance in four West European countries: Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. Using data from the European Homicide Monitor, employing similar definitions and uniform coding schemes, this study allowed for unique crosscountry comparisons in factors influencing differences in homicide clearance rates. Findings based on homicides occurring in the period 2009-14 revealed overall low homicide rates in all countries, with a wide variety in homicide clearance rates, ranging from 77 percent in the Netherlands to 98 percent in Finland. Results further showed that both event-based as well as victim-based characteristics significantly influenced the likelihood of homicide clearance, suggesting that homicide clearance rates can, for a large part, be attributed to the prevalent types of homicide in each of these European countries.

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Section: Previous Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homicide clearance in Western Europe

Liem

Suonpää²,

Lehti³

et al. 2018

European Journal of Criminology

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“…In the first type of sexual homicide against male victims, the sexual component is important and offenders target adult victims. Geberth (1996) was the first to propose a typology of homosexual homicides, generated on the basis of his investigative experience. He identified the interpersonal violence-oriented disputes and assault category which describes situations where the homicide is the outcome of altercations between partners (or ex-partners).…”

Section: Sexual Homicide Against Male Victims: Specific Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He identified the interpersonal violence-oriented disputes and assault category which describes situations where the homicide is the outcome of altercations between partners (or ex-partners). Geberth (1996) noted that these crimes could occur when rules of consenting sexual activities between two or more partners were not respected. Similarly to this category, Beauregard and Proulx (2007) identified the avenger cluster who described sexual homicide offenders involved in sex trade activities and characterized by alcohol and/or drugs consumption.…”

Section: Sexual Homicide Against Male Victims: Specific Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unusual Case of Sexual Homicide Against Males: Comparisons and Classification

Chopin

Beauregard

2021

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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This study examines the specificities of sexual homicides involving male victims. First, this study aims to identify characteristics specific to SH involving male victims by comparing them to SH involving female victims and determine whether rational choice approach and routine activities theories are useful to explain the crime-commission process. Second, this study aims to provide the first empirical classification of SH involving male victims. The sample used in this research comes from the Sexual Homicide International Database (SHIelD) including 662 cases of cases—100 cases involving male victims and 552 involving female victims. Bivariate and multivariate analysis are performed to examine the differences between the two groups and latent class analysis is used to generate an empirical classification of cases involving male victims. Findings indicate the victim’s gender plays an important role in the different choices made by sexual homicide offenders of male victims to successfully complete their crime. They adapted their crime-commission process to overcome the risks associated with a physical confrontation with a male victim (i.e., target selection, approach strategy, method of killing). Classification analysis suggests that it exists three different types of sexual murderers assaulting male victims: the robber sexual murderer, the sadistic sexual murderer, and the pedophile murderer. This research proposes the first empirical typology of sexual homicide involving male victims and provides both a true picture of the reality and a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon.

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“…Of all the types of DA employed by offenders, Crime Scene Staging (CSS) has received the most attention in the literature. CSS refers to the deliberate alteration of physical evidence to simulate events that did not occur to mislead investigators (Chisum and Turvey, 2007; Ferguson, 2015; Geberth, 2006). CSS commonly involves offenders manipulating how the homicide type presents (by making a domestic homicide appear as a stranger homicide, for example), how the manner of death presents (by making a homicide appear as non-suspicious), or where offenders conceal all evidence of the homicide and report the victim missing (Schlesinger et al , 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cold case homicides are generally defined as those that have not been solved within one year, which are not being actively investigated due to a lack of new information (Geberth, 2006; Quinet and Nunn, 2014). Annually about 15 per cent of cases are unsolved in the same year they are reported in Australia, with proportions varying across different States, Territories and years sampled (Bryant and Bricknell, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection avoidance and mis/unclassified, unsolved homicides in Australia

Ferguson

McKinley

2019

JCP

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to begin to explore whether and how the use of detection avoidance (DA) by offenders leads to a so called “dark figure” of unsolved homicides that have been mis/unclassified. Design/methodology/approach Australian Coronial data and inquest findings are used to examine how DA impacts on determining homicide, and cases remaining unsolved. Findings Results show DA behaviours perpetrated by offenders may be catalysed by other challenges, and may lead to homicides being mis/unclassified and unsolved. Findings indicate there is a small dark figure of mis/unclassified homicides which eventually become known and investigated as homicides in Australia. The number of unsolved homicides may be greater than official data reveals, due to some cases remaining mis/unclassified. Research limitations/implications Results are likely to underestimate the prevalence of mis/unclassified homicides due to the invisibility of cases and the difficulty establishing rules to include suspected but unproven homicides. The variable nature and impact of DA behaviours also limits results, along with jurisdictional differences in Coronial data. Practical implications This discussion explains DA behaviours impact on determining and investigating homicide and the necessity of future research. Originality/value Mis/unclassified homicides as unsolved homicides have not been discussed previously. This discussion is the first to conceptualise mis/unclassified homicides as a dark figure of unsolved cases, and the first to attempt to gauge the problem.

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Forensic Application of DNA Analysis*

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Homicide clearance in Western Europe

Homicide clearance in Western Europe

The Unusual Case of Sexual Homicide Against Males: Comparisons and Classification

Detection avoidance and mis/unclassified, unsolved homicides in Australia

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