Forensic DNA phenotyping legislation cannot be based on “Ideal FDP”—A response to Caliebe, Krawczak and Kayser (2017)

Buchanan, Nicholas; Staubach, Fabian; Wienroth, Matthias; Pfaffelhuber, Peter; Surdu, Mihai; Lipphardt, Anna; Köttgen, Anna; Syndercombe‐Court, Denise; Lipphardt, Veronika

doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.01.009

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The FDP analyses of genetic variants statistically associated with pigmentation of hair and iris currently have a higher predictive power than those for age or the pigmentation of the skin. Nonetheless, the degree of accuracy outside the controlled research environment is an object of ongoing scientific debate (Staubach, 2017;Caliebe et al, 2018;Buchanan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Forensic Dna Phenotyping: Messy Categorizations Of Physical ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Racial Profiling

Bartram¹,

Plümecke²,

Schultz³

2022

S&TS

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Over the last two decades, the analysis of DNA traces found at a crime scene have expanded the already established forensic DNA analysis for identification to include new techniques intended to predict a criminal suspect’s externally visible characteristics, such as eye, hair and skin colour (‘forensic DNA phenotyping’), or his or her ethnic, continental or regional origin (‘biogeographical ancestry’). In this paper, we conduct a dispositive analysis to investigate how extended DNA analysis in forensics catalyses inherent processes of racialization at three different levels: 1) in the categorizations that are integral to this technology, 2) in the images of the ‘dangerous other’ combined with inflated expectations regarding these technologies’ effectiveness that have framed discourses regarding the legalization of this technology, and 3) in the biases and stereotypes which often guide investigative practices using these technologies. We demonstrate that this is an example par excellence of how the interaction between different practice dimensions can exacerbate unintended discriminating, racialising and racist effects.

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Section: Forensic Dna Phenotyping: Messy Categorizations Of Physical ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Racial Profiling

Bartram¹,

Plümecke²,

Schultz³

2022

S&TS

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“…1. Further detail of critiques in the German debate can be found in Buchanan et al (2018), Lipphardt (2017), Lipphardt (2018), Momsen (2017), Pfaffelhuber (2017), Ray (2018), Staubach (2017. 2. https://www.bmjv.de/SharedDocs/Gesetzgebungsverfahren/Dokumente/BGBl_ Modernisierung_Strafverfahren.pdf (in German, accessed 8 July 2020).…”

Section: Notesunclassified

“…The reliability of such analyses; how they can best support police investigations; who should apply them; and who access their information, remain contested, reflecting a variety of competing values and interests (cf. Granja and Machado 2020;Samuel and Prainsack 2019;Wienroth 2018Wienroth , 2020. While the German debate repeatedly referred to the permissive legal status for FDP in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands it took little note of context, use, and oversight there.…”

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confidence: 99%

Value beyond scientific validity: let’s RULE (Reliability, Utility, LEgitimacy)

Wienroth

2020

Journal of Responsible Innovation

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My perspective piece contributes to social studies of biometric technologies, and to studies on values and valuation within debates of responsible innovation. I reflect on innovation as social practice where values are temporary settlements of considerations around validity, operability, and social compatibility of socio-technical innovations. As such, I propose a practice-based approach to testing values in new technologies and their respective emerging practice and governance arrangements around Reliability, Utility and LEgitimacy (RULE). These three values combine scientific with operational and social aspects of innovation as centre-points around which deliberative engagement can be facilitated between different societal perspectives, offering the opportunity to develop greater awareness of diverse and at times competing understandings of value. On the case study of forensic geneticsthe use of genetic material and data for policing purposes in security and justice contexts -I make the case for multi-perspectival, crossdisciplinary, community-grounded deliberation based on RULE.

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“…Since then, a number of attempts have been made for the two communities to engage in a similar format, leading to mixed results (e.g. Buchanan et al, 2018, andCaliebe et al, 2018;Lipphardt et al, 2017, andStaubach et al, 2018;Toom et al, 2016).…”

Section: Forensic Dna Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%