Forensic Examination and Report Writing

Munro, Ranald

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-2878-6.50013-1

Cited by 21 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…We must be cautious about extrapolating directly from medical pathology texts or even from animal models used for advancement of human forensic pathology when the animals used may not represent all veterinary species 66 or the conditions of the experiments are such that the results may not be representative of findings in the ''field. '' 12,101 Suggested approaches to the forensic necropsy are already available in specific texts on the subject, 20,36,54,63 and with moves to propagate information between practitioners in the field, 52 it is anticipated that there will be rapid growth in forensic veterinary pathology as a discipline in its own right and not merely by extrapolation from forensic medical pathology. Nevertheless, building supportive multidisciplinary networks of experts, including medical pathologists and other forensic scientists, is clearly beneficial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been discussed previously whether forensic veterinary pathologists should perform necropsies ''blind,'' that is, without prior knowledge of the case, 54,63 and that even if a history is provided, it may be incomplete or unreliable. 20 The amount and quality of history accompanying each case will vary, but at the very least, the forensic veterinary pathologist should be aware what specific question(s) investigators have with regard to the examination.…”

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 The amount and quality of history accompanying each case will vary, but at the very least, the forensic veterinary pathologist should be aware what specific question(s) investigators have with regard to the examination. 20,36,63 Veterinary pathologists should explore with those instructing them whether there are aspects of especial relevance requiring attention, and it is a good idea to include the requirement to address these specific aspects in the introduction to their report. 63 It is less common for forensic veterinary pathologists to attend the ''scene of crime'' (or locus) than it is for forensic medical examiners.…”

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,36,63 Veterinary pathologists should explore with those instructing them whether there are aspects of especial relevance requiring attention, and it is a good idea to include the requirement to address these specific aspects in the introduction to their report. 63 It is less common for forensic veterinary pathologists to attend the ''scene of crime'' (or locus) than it is for forensic medical examiners. If possible, however, attendance at the scene is helpful to understand the circumstances of discovery and possibly the recent history of the animal.…”

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Veterinary Forensic Necropsy

Brownlie

Munro

2016

Vet Pathol

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Investigation of animal-related crime, and therefore submission of forensic cases to veterinary pathology facilities, is increasing, yet many veterinary pathologists are unfamiliar and often uncomfortable with involvement in the forensic necropsy. This article discusses various aspects of the forensic necropsy without specific attention to any particular species group or crime. General advice is given on procedures, documentation, and recording of the examination, and the article indicates how these features may differ from those used in investigation of natural disease. It also discusses evidence management, including recordkeeping, identification of evidence, labeling of photographs, and use of standard operating procedures and protocols. Various written and visual methods for documentation of the forensic necropsy are covered, and adjunctive topics such as sample collection, assessment, and description of wounds and taphonomy are included. Cause, mechanism, and manner of death are defined, and guidance to the use of these terms is given. The aim of this article is to offer guidance on procedural aspects of the forensic necropsy that will help those developing their forensic services, contribute to standardization of the provision of forensic veterinary pathology, and build the confidence of the ''uncomfortable'' forensic veterinary pathologist.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Before the Necropsymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Veterinary Forensic Necropsy

Brownlie

Munro

2016

Vet Pathol

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“…As a component of this project, hen harriers found dead are examined postmortem to investigate the health of the population. In the past, shooting of birds has been diagnosed using forensic examination including imaging, dissection and histopathology (Cooper and Cooper 2007, Munro and Munro 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX) confirms shooting of a hen harrier (Circus cyaneus)

Hopkins

Peniche

Murphy

et al. 2015

Vet Record Case Reports

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The hen harrier (Circus cyaneus) remains severely restricted as a breeding species in England despite sufficient habitat for over 300 breeding pairs. Human persecution is the main limiting factor and in the UK, there have been 45 confirmed incidents of shooting of hen harriers since records began (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds unpublished data). The authors report the pathological examination of a hen harrier, the detection of suspected ballistic fragments by radiograph and explain how scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to confirm (i) the composition of one ballistic remnant and (ii) that the remnant had been projected into and had damaged the bone. The authors report the use of post-analysis software to discriminate apparent anomalies produced by the proprietary SEM-EDX software package and discuss broader uses of SEM-EDX for wildlife crime investigation.

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Legal assessment of ingrown horns and other horn-related anomalies in cattle and sheep

Andersson,

Beck-Friis,

Sarenbo

2024

Anim. welf.

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Cattle and sheep horns have the potential to grow in such a way that the horn bends toward the animal’s head and, if left untreated, may penetrate the skin, causing pressure, pain, and suffering. According to the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, animals must be looked after in a way that prevents ingrown horns; otherwise, the person responsible for the animal may be prosecuted. Here, we present a review of 32 legal cases that occurred in Sweden between 2008 and 2022 for which the charge involved horn-related anomalies in cattle or sheep. The aim being to investigate the nature of these horn-related anomalies and the circumstances under which they occur. Of the legal cases, 53% were discovered during official animal welfare control on farms and 44% at an abattoir during pre-slaughter inspection. These include extreme injuries, e.g. both horns penetrating the periosteum into the skull bone, or a horn penetrating into the eye or oral cavity. The reasons offered by the accused for failing to detect animals with horn-related anomalies included that the animal appeared normal, that it was long-haired, shy, or hard to reach, or that the horns had not undergone gradual growth but had accidentally or suddenly penetrated the skin. Overall, 81% of the cases led to convictions; however, none of these resulted in imprisonment. Reasons for acquittals included insufficient crime description or evidence as to how the horn-related anomaly occurred or of the animal being exposed to suffering. A number of recommendations are provided that could help limit the occurrence of ingrown horns.

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Forensic Examination and Report Writing

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The Veterinary Forensic Necropsy

The Veterinary Forensic Necropsy

Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX) confirms shooting of a hen harrier (Circus cyaneus)

Legal assessment of ingrown horns and other horn-related anomalies in cattle and sheep

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