Forest resource use change during early market integration in tropical rain forests: the Huaorani of upper Amazonia

Sierra, Rodrigo; Rodríguez, F.; Losos, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/s0921-8009(98)00101-3

Cited by 44 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This change in their use of the territory and the availability of the commodities sold in the market determined a sharp change in the subsistence schemes of the Waorani as they had increased access to fire arms and other hunting supplies sold in Pompeya. As a result, the Waorani increased their hunting efficiency, had access to a much larger hunting area, and were abruptly incorporated into a market economy (Lu, 1999;Sierra et al, 1999). At the same time, the demand of wild meat by dealers coming to the emerging Pompeya market, stimulated the change in the original purpose of the Waorani hunting from a subsistence activity, to a more commercially oriented endeavor (Franzen, 2005).…”

Section: Influence Of the Oil Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, previous studies in the Amazon basin suggest that wildlife-use patterns can exhibit plastic responses to environmental and ecological conditions, and can be sustainable if human population sizes are small and traditional hunting technologies are maintained (Vickers, 1988(Vickers, , 1991. Conversely, there are also examples of direct changes in wildlife-use patterns that can happen as a result of increased access to roads and development of local markets (Vickers, 1991;Sierra, Rodriguez & Losos, 1999;Peres & Lake, 2003;Franzen, 2005). The extent to which these patterns can intensify with increasing economic pressure is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern Ecuador

Suárez

Morales

Cueva

et al. 2009

Animal Conservation

204

130

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Starting in 1994, a wholesale wild meat market developed in north-eastern Ecuador, involving Waorani and Kichwa people in the area of influence of a road built to facilitate oil extraction within Yasun´ı National Park. Between 2005 and 2007, we recorded the trade of 11 717 kg of wild meat in this market, with pacas Cuniculus paca, white-lipped peccaries Tayassu pecari, collared peccaries Pecari tajacu and woolly monkeys Lagothrix poeppiggi accounting for 80% of the total biomass. Almost half of the wild meat brought to the market was transported by dealers for resale at restaurants in Tena, a medium-sized town 234 km west of the market. Prices of wild meat were 1.3-2 times higher than the price of meat of domestic animals, suggesting that it is a different commodity and not a supplementary protein source in the urban areas where it is consumed. The actual price of transportation between the local communities and the market was a significant predictor of the amount of meat sold in Pompeya. Based on this relationship the Waorani hunters sold exceptionally larger amounts of wild meat than would be expected if they would not have the transportation subsidies provided by the oil companies. Although the scale of this wild meat wholesale market is still relatively small, its dynamic reflects the complex interactions that emerge as the overriding influence of oil companies or other private industries modify the culture and subsistence patterns of marginalized indigenous groups, increasing their potential impacts on wildlife and natural ecosystems.

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Section: Influence Of the Oil Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern Ecuador

Suárez

Morales

Cueva

et al. 2009

Animal Conservation

204

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Changes in income level and hunting behavior often occur simultaneously, but they also occur with other changes associated with economic development; this complicates the establishment of cause-andeffect relations. Such other changes that may have profound effects on hunting behavior and wildlife abundance are, for example, road construction and improved access to markets, improvements in agricultural technology, habitat degradation, and depletion of resources for which wild meat may act as a substitute (e.g., Sierra et al 1999, Demmer et al 2002, Brashares et al 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Income and Hunting in Tropical Forests: an Economic Experiment in the Field

Sirén¹,

Cárdenas²,

Machoa³

2006

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Hunting in tropical forests is both a major cause of biodiversity loss and an important food source for millions of people. A question with important policy implications is how changes in income level affect how much people hunt. This study, which was carried out in an indigenous community in the Amazon, explored the relation between income and consumption of wild meat using an economic experiment in the form of a lottery, and involved the local people, not only as experimental subjects, but also in the interpretation of results. The results suggested that an increase in steady employment, rather than in income alone, may lead to the substitution of non-hunted foods for wild meat. The kind of social learning that participation in this type of economic experiment implies may potentially affect the way people manage resources in real life.

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“…Em geral, tendem à especialização na produção comercial, ou seja, naqueles produtos com vantagem comparativa em termos do 17 retorno financeiro em termos monetários (Ruiz-Pérez et al, 2004;Godoy et al, 2005). Dessa forma, tendem a substituir produtos cultivados e/ou coletados para subsistência por produtos comerciais mais rentáveis (Sierra et al, 1999), comportando-se, portanto, como se a decisão das famílias fosse pautada pela maximização do retorno. (Ellis, 1998;Barrett, Bezuneh, et al, 2001).…”

Section: Agradecimentosunclassified

Transferências condicionadas de renda e modos de vida no Vale do Ribeira paulista: o programa bolsa família afeta a diversidade de recursos naturais que domicílios rurais dependem?

Buzati¹

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AGRADECIMENTOSEm primeiro, à Profa. Carla Morsello, que ao longo desse ciclo me ensinou a fazer ciência e a ser crítico. Sua competência e carinho em ensinar inspiraram e deram confiança aos meus passos na pesquisa. Obrigado por aceitar me orientar.A cada pessoa que compartilhou seu tempo comigo em campo. Sua simplicidade e fé inspiram e fazem acreditar que a vida pode assumir diferentes significados. A diversidade é uma característica central dos modos de vida rurais campesinos. As explicações para tal são principalmente duas. Por um lado, porque a diversificação de produtos e atividades pode promover ganhos econômicos e, por outro, porque reduz os riscos.A teoria de escolha racional prediz que unidades domésticas semiautárquicas buscariam maximizar uma função utilidade e, para isso, ao se integrarem ao mercado, tenderiam a se especializar nos produtos e nas atividades com maior retorno econômico. Contudo, em contextos de incerteza, como aqueles rurais remotos, estas unidades tenderiam a diversificar os produtos e as atividades de que dependem para tamponar eventuais flutuações no consumo e na renda. A esse respeito, resultados de estudos prévios que avaliaram o efeito da introdução de novas fontes de renda monetária sobre a diversidade de produtos e atividades baseados em recursos naturais que unidades domésticas rurais dependem são inconclusivos. Parte mostra que incrementos nas fontes de renda estão associados à redução na diversidade de atividades e produtos que as unidades domésticas dependem, enquanto outros indicam manutenção ou mesmo aumento da diversidade. Há, contudo, poucas evidências sobre os efeitos das transferências condicionadas de renda sobre o uso de recursos naturais por unidades domésticas rurais. Portanto, este estudo teve por objetivo investigar se as transferências de renda do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) estavam associadas à diversidade de produtos e fontes de renda baseados em recursos naturais que os domicílios rurais do Vale do Ribeira dependem. Para isso, o estudo baseou-se em um survey por entrevistas presenciais aos chefes (homem ou mulher) de 123 domicílios rurais. Os domicílios foram amostrados em oito setores censitários com concentração de pobreza e variabilidade no nível de cobertura florestal. Para a análise dos dados, foram adotados procedimentos descritivos, testes não paramétricos de Diversity is a central feature of peasant rural livelihoods. The enlightenments for this are mainly two. On the one hand, the diversification of products and activities can promote economic improvements and, on the other hand, it can reduce risks. The theory of rational choice predicts that semi-autonomous domestic units would aim to maximize a utility function and, in order to do so, once market-integrated, would tend to specialize in the products and activities with the highest economic return. However, in contexts of uncertainty, such as in remote rural areas, these units would lean towards the diversification of products and activities they rely on, in order to overcome possible fluctuatio...

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Forest resource use change during early market integration in tropical rain forests: the Huaorani of upper Amazonia

Cited by 44 publications

References 20 publications

Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern Ecuador

Oil industry, wild meat trade and roads: indirect effects of oil extraction activities in a protected area in north‐eastern Ecuador

The Relation Between Income and Hunting in Tropical Forests: an Economic Experiment in the Field

Transferências condicionadas de renda e modos de vida no Vale do Ribeira paulista: o programa bolsa família afeta a diversidade de recursos naturais que domicílios rurais dependem?

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