Forestry herbicides in the United States: an overview

Shepard, James P.; Creighton, Jerre L.; Duzan, Howard W.

doi:10.2193/0091-7648(2004)032[1020:fhitus]2.0.co;2

Cited by 82 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nas plantações, seu uso pode auxiliar no preparo da área antes do plantio e após a colheita (Shepard et al, 2004); na restauração, é autorizado inclusive em unidades de conservação, em caráter emergencial (Brasil, 2012). Apesar das vantagens, o uso desses em áreas florestais geram expectativas negativas à sociedade sobre possíveis impactos ambientais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Apesar das vantagens, o uso desses em áreas florestais geram expectativas negativas à sociedade sobre possíveis impactos ambientais. Essas advêm da grande porção dos pesticidas e seus resíduos que atingem o solo após a aplicação direta e, ou, foliar (Chaabane et al, 2008;Gill e Garg, 2014;Darine et al, 2015), com potencial de causar impactos negativos em organismos do solo, no meio ambiente e na saúde humana (Shepard et al, 2004). Além disso, há o risco de poluir ecossistemas aquáticos próximos, pela dispersão da pulverização, lixiviação no solo ou escorrimento superficial (Bonnet et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Efeito de Herbicidas sobre a Biota de Invertebrados do Solo em Área de Restauração Florestal

Scoriza

Silva

Correia

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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rEsumoO controle químico de plantas daninhas é um método eficaz utilizado em florestas plantadas e em áreas de restauração florestal, favorecendo o desenvolvimento das mudas florestais e a redução dos custos de intervenção. Entretanto, se essa estratégia não for aplicada de maneira correta, pode-se tornar um potencial causador de impactos negativos aos organismos do solo e aos processos ecológicos que esses participam. avaliou-se o efeito do uso de herbicidas na biota do solo por meio da amostragem da comunidade da fauna edáfica e testes ecotoxicológicos de reprodução e sobrevivência de Folsomia candida e Enchytraeus crypticus, em área-alvo de restauração florestal recém-implantada. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. os tratamentos consistiram da aplicação dos herbicidas pós-emergentes mesotrione (0,4 l ha -1 ), fluazifop-P-butyl (1,0 L ha -1 ) e nicosulfuron (1,5 l ha -1 ), aplicados em área total nas parcelas, mais o controle (sem aplicação). na área de estudo, foram realizadas duas aplicações dos herbicidas com intervalos de seis meses, onde as parcelas foram correspondentes aos tratamentos em ambas as aplicações. Em cada parcela, foram realizadas quatro coletas de solo, sendo a primeira (coleta 1) seis dias antes da segunda aplicação dos herbicidas na área. as demais, após um (coleta 2), oito (coleta 3) e 22 dias (coleta 4) dessa mesma aplicação. a comunidade da fauna do solo foi avaliada por meio do método de funis de Berlese modificado, utilizando-se uma amostra de solo por parcela. Em laboratório, os indivíduos foram contados e identificados em grandes grupos. Os ensaios ecotoxicológicos de sobrevivência e reprodução de F. candida e E. crypticus foram realizados a Recebido para publicação em 15 de maio de 2015 e aprovado em 28 de julho de 2015.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito de Herbicidas sobre a Biota de Invertebrados do Solo em Área de Restauração Florestal

Scoriza

Silva

Correia

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Herbicides are used in forestry for a range of purposes such as reducing competing vegetation, managing species composition, controlling invasive weeds, managing wildlife habitat, and maintaining facilities and access ways (Richardson, 1993;Shepard et al, 2004;McCarthy et al, 2011). In particular, control of vegetation competing with the planted tree crop is an important management intervention in maximising productivity and maintaining commercial viability of planted forests .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, national legislative and policy requirements and forest certification schemes such as the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) promote the judicious use of herbicides in forests (Larson et al, 1997;Shepard et al, 2004;Forest Stewardship Council, 2005;Little et al, 2006). As a result, there is on-going and increas-…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Fate of Aerially Applied Hexazinone and Terbuthylazine in a New Zealand Planted Forest

Baillie¹,

Neary²,

Gous³

et al. 2017

JSWSM

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Herbicides are used to control competing vegetation during tree establishment, and are often critical to the productivity and economic viability of a planted forest crop. Despite increasing public concern over herbicide use in planted forests and potential impact on the environment, there is limited information on the aquatic fate of many of these herbicides when applied in forests according to standard operational procedures. Two herbicides commonly used in New Zealand’s planted forests, terbuthylazine and hexazinone, were aerially applied during two consecutive years at 7.4 kg and 1.1 kg ha-1 respectively, to a 12.5 ha catchment of newly planted Pinus radiata (Radiata pine) in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand. One hundred percent of the area was sprayed during Year 1 while 85% of the area was sprayed during Year 2. The highest concentrations of both herbicides were measured in stream water, sediment and algal samples on the day of herbicide application during Year 1 (September 2012 to June 2013), mainly as a result of spray drift, and in stream water during Year 2 (September 2013 to April 2014) at the time of a rainfall event seven days after herbicide application. Terbuthylazine concentrations exceeded New Zealand and World Health Organisation drinking water standards for <24 hours on both occasions. For the remainder of the trial period, concentrations of both herbicides were below safe drinking water standards. Herbicide concentrations in stream flow declined immediately below the trial site and were close to or below detection limits at the bottom of the catchment. The concentrations of terbuthylazine and hexazinone in stream flow during this trial, posed a short-term and low risk to algae. Peak concentrations of both herbicides were several orders of magnitude lower than Lethal Concentration (LC)50 concentrations for Daphnia and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These results highlight the need to include data from both field and laboratory based trials when assessing the aquatic risk of these two herbicides when applied under operational conditions in planted forests.

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“…Glyphosate is a systemic broad-spectrum herbicide that is used extensively in forestry management as it has low toxicity to non-target organisms and is inactivated by adsorption to clay minerals in the soil (Sprankle et al 1975a(Sprankle et al , 1975bVeiga et al 2001;Shepard et al 2004;Tatum 2004). However, a goal for many forestry companies is to decrease their reliance on herbicide use to reduce potential environmental impacts on nontarget species and the cost of treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel manipulation with herbicide treatments to reduce fire hazard in young pine (Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea) plantations in south-east Queensland, Australia

Lewis

Faveri²

2012

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Fuel manipulation with herbicide treatments to reduce fire hazard in young pine (Pinus elliottii 3 P. caribaea) plantations in south-east Queensland, Australia Abstract. Wildfire represents a major risk to pine plantations. This risk is particularly great for young plantations (generally less than 10 m in height) where prescribed fire cannot be used to manipulate fuel biomass, and where flammable grasses are abundant in the understorey. We report results from a replicated field experiment designed to determine the effects of two rates of glyphosate (450 g L À1 ) application, two extents of application (inter-row only and inter-row and row) with applications being applied once or twice, on understorey fine fuel biomass, fuel structure and composition in south-east Queensland, Australia. Two herbicide applications (,9 months apart) were more effective than a once-off treatment for reducing standing biomass, grass continuity, grass height, percentage grass dry weight and the density of shrubs. In addition, the 6-L ha À1 rate of application was more effective than the 3-L ha À1 rate of application in periodically reducing grass continuity and shrub density in the inter-rows and in reducing standing biomass in the tree rows, and application in the inter-rows and rows significantly reduced shrub density relative to the inter-row-only application. Herbicide treatment in the inter-rows and rows is likely to be useful for managing fuels before prescribed fire in young pine plantations because such treatment minimised tree scorch height during prescribed burns. Further, herbicide treatments had no adverse effects on plantation trees, and in some cases tree growth was enhanced by treatments. However, the effectiveness of herbicide treatments in reducing the risk of tree damage or mortality under wildfire conditions remains untested.

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Forestry herbicides in the United States: an overview

Cited by 82 publications

References 17 publications

Efeito de Herbicidas sobre a Biota de Invertebrados do Solo em Área de Restauração Florestal

Efeito de Herbicidas sobre a Biota de Invertebrados do Solo em Área de Restauração Florestal

Aquatic Fate of Aerially Applied Hexazinone and Terbuthylazine in a New Zealand Planted Forest

Fuel manipulation with herbicide treatments to reduce fire hazard in young pine (Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea) plantations in south-east Queensland, Australia

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