Formal Modeling and Improvement in the Random Path Routing Network Scheme Using Colored Petri Nets

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been applied in networking devices, and a new problem has emerged called source-location privacy (SLP) in critical security systems. In wireless sensor networks, hiding the location of the source node from the hackers is known as SLP. The WSNs have limited battery capacity and low computational ability. Many state-of-the-art protocols have been proposed to address the SLP problems and other problems such as limited battery capacity and low computational power. One of the popular protocols is random path routing (RPR), and in random path routing, the system keeps sending the message randomly along all the possible paths from a source node to a sink node irrespective of the path’s distance. The problem arises when the system keeps sending a message via the longest route, resulting because of high battery usage and computational costs. This research paper presents a novel networking model referred to as calculated random path routing (CRPR). CRPR first calculates the top three shortest paths, and then randomly sends a token to any of the top three shortest calculated paths, ensuring the optimal tradeoff between computational cost and SLP. The proposed methodology includes the formal modeling of the CRPR in Colored Petri Nets. We have validated and verified the CRPR, and the results depict the optimal tradeoff.

A new generalized stochastic Petri net modeling for energy‐harvesting‐wireless sensor network assessment

“…Shojafar et al 14 presented what they called ALATO, which is an intelligent algorithm based on learning automata and adaptive stochastic PNs. Farooq et al 15 have proposed an approach based on colored PNs to calculate random path routing in WSNs. In satellite networks, two stochastic PN models are proposed to analyze the performance of satellite networks in traditional and active defense states 16 …”

Hop Threshold-based Random Walk Routing for Improved Privacy and Network Lifetime in WSNs

“…In [7], [14], [15], random walk-based routing algorithms have been presented that are more promising for energy-constrained WSNs [18]. Because these approaches do not consider the usage of fake packets or fake sources to obfuscate the traffic.…”

A Novel Fluid-Based Modeling Approach Using Extended Hybrid Petri Nets for Power Consumption Monitoring in Wireless Autonomous IoT Devices, with Energy Harvesting Capability and Triple Sleeping Strategy

“…In the literature, some works used Petri nets to model autonomous devices in wireless sensor networks (WSN) [11,12], ad hoc networks [13,14] and IoT in general [15,16]. However, this area of research still needs more investigations in order to bring the proposed models closer to the actual systems.…”