Formation and aspect ratio control of rhabdophane-type yttrium orthophosphate hexagonal prism particles synthesized by a citrate-assisted hydrothermal process

Abstract

The rhabdophane-type YPO4 particles have been synthesized in the presence of citrate ions under systematically varied reaction conditions.

Self-organized formation of seven-rod bundle morphology for lanthanum Prussian blue analog microcrystals via a precipitation process

“…2 Hexagonal prism shapes are often observed for the hexagonal structure materials such as rhabdophane-type YPO 4 microcrystals. 3,4 The crystal habit of microcrystals is usually determined thermodynamically or kinetically based on the crystal structure as a fundamental factor. 5,6 In the former cases, called equilibrium forms, the lattice planes with low specific surface energies preferentially appear as the facets of the polyhedral crystal to minimize its overall surface energy, as formulated by Wulff's theorem.…”

“…2 Hexagonal prism shapes are often observed for the hexagonal structure materials such as rhabdophane-type YPO 4 microcrystals. 3,4…”

“…For example, a temperature-dependent height/ width ratio has been reported for rhabdophane-type YPO 4 microcrystals with a hexagonal prism shape synthesized in a hydrothermal system with sodium citrate. 4 The activation energies for width-and height-direction growths are estimated as 97 kJ mol −1 and 112 kJ mol −1 , corresponding to the larger width/height ratio at a lower reaction temperature.…”