Formation of taurine and isethionic acid in rat brain

Peck, Ernest J.; Awapara, Jörge

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(67)90178-x

Cited by 122 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The high concentration of taurine in the newborn rat brain was found to decrease with increasing age, so that the concentration in the adult brain is about onequarter that at birth ( Since taurine is formed via hypotaurine from cysteinesulphinate by decarboxylation (Peck & Awapara, 1967) it would be expected that the activity of this enzyme would parallel the changes in taurine concentration. However, there is very little cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase activity in the neonatal rat brain and the increase in this enzyme activity during maturation seems to be inversely related to taurine concentration (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peck & Awapara (1967) have shown taurine to be slowly converted into isethionic acid in adult rat brain. Under the control of adrenaline and acetylcholine, isethionic acid is formed from taurine in dog heart, where it has a profound effect on K+ retention (Welty & Read, 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since taurine is probably formed through decarboxylation ofcysteinesulphinic acid (EC 4.1.1.29) (Peck & Awapara, 1967) we have examined the activity of cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase during development of rat brain in relation to taurine concentration. A further reason for this study is the controversial suggestion that both glutamate and cysteinesulphinate are decarboxylated by the same enzyme in rat brain (Davison, 1956;Jacobsen, Thomas & Smith, 1964).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Agrawal

Davison

Kaczmarek

1971

Biochemical Journal

176

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The concentration of taurine and the activities of cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase have been measured in rat brain. During development, taurine exhibited a decrease in concentration unrelated to the activity of cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase which increased during the same period. The distribution of taurine in subcellular fractions of adult and 7-day-old rat brain was typical of most amino acids, whereas half of the cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase activity was found in the nerve-ending cytoplasm. In anatomical distribution, taurine displayed great regional heterogeneity but both cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase and glutamate decarboxylase were more evenly distributed. Hypertaurinaemia was shown to have no effect on the entry of glycine into the brain or on its utilization in protein synthesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Agrawal

Davison

Kaczmarek

1971

Biochemical Journal

176

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“…Although the rat heart can synthesize taurine, the quantitative importance of this is unclear (4). The only metabolic pathway for taurine for which evidence is available is conversion to isethionic acid (5). However, this pathway proceeds at a very low rate, or possibly is absent in the heart, and has no appreciable influence on taurine balance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adrenergic Stimulation of Taurine Transport by the Heart

Huxtable

Chubb

1977

Science

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A high-affinity transport system that is specific for beta-amino acids has been delineated in rat hearts. This system transports the cardiotonic sulfonic amino acid taurine. beta-Adrenergic stimulation increases the transport capacity without effect on alpha-amino acid uptake, as does stimulation with adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate or theophylline. The existence of such an uptake system for taurine in the heart accounts for the high intra- to extracellular concentration gradient that is maintained, and suggests that cardiac stress is associated with increased taurine uptake. This may explain why taurine is the only amino acid to be markedly elevated in congestive heart failure. Taurine is a modifier of calcium fluxes in the heart, as are beta-adrenergic agonists. The presence of this uptake system suggests a link between beta-adrenergic stimulation of calcium and taurine fluxes.

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“…L-cysteine sulfinic acid has been shown to be an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) in the mammalian brain (1,2). The enzyme, cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29), converts cysteine sulfinic acid to hypotaurine (2-aminoethanesulfinic acid) and carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple synthesis of L‐[³⁵S]cysteine sulfinic acid

Spears

1981

Labelled Comp Radiopharmac

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Formation of taurine and isethionic acid in rat brain

Cited by 122 publications

References 16 publications

Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Adrenergic Stimulation of Taurine Transport by the Heart

A simple synthesis of L‐[³⁵S]cysteine sulfinic acid

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Formation of taurine and isethionic acid in rat brain

Cited by 122 publications

References 16 publications

Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Subcellular distribution of taurine and cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase in developing rat brain

Adrenergic Stimulation of Taurine Transport by the Heart

A simple synthesis of L‐[35S]cysteine sulfinic acid

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A simple synthesis of L‐[³⁵S]cysteine sulfinic acid