Formation of Yield and Grain Quality of Spring Barley Depending on Fertiliser Optimisation

Abstract

In the current conditions of intensification of grain production, it is important to develop resource-saving cultivation technologies that ensure the maximum realisation of the genetic potential of crop varieties through the use of foliar fertilisation and mineral fertilisers. The article presents the results of research on the optimisation of fertilisation of spring barley plants. During the period of research, the influence of fertilisation and foliar feeding on the germination and preservation of spring barley plants, net photosynthetic productivity, elements of the yield structure, yield and grain quality was assessed. The research was conducted in the experimental field of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University during 2018-2020 on grey forest medium loamy soils. The hydrothermal conditions were quite contrasting and differed from the average perennial conditions both in terms of heat intensity and moisture level, which allowed to study the influence of the studied factors and their interaction on the formation of spring barley yield and grain quality. The maximum indicators of plant preservation, net productivity of photosynthesis, elements of crop structure, yield and grain quality were obtained in the experiment variant with the combined application of mineral fertiliser at a dose of N 30 P 30 K 30 and foliar feeding of plants with Vuksal microfertiliser (BBCH 33-51) and (BBCH 51-54) in Aizhan and Aristey varieties. With the application of mineral fertiliser at a dose of N 30 P 30 K 30 , the grain yield of spring barley varieties Aizhan and Aristey increased by 0.99; 0.85 Mg•ha -1 , and the protein content by 1.9; 2.0% compared to the control variant. With the combined application of mineral fertiliser at a dose of N 30 P 30 K 30 and foliar feeding of plants with Vuksal microfertiliser, grain yield increased by 1.54; 1.23 Mg•ha -1 for one-time foliar feeding; by 1.77; 1.42 Mg•ha -1 for two-time foliar feeding, and protein content by 2.8; 2.7 and 3.4; 3.3% in Aizhan and Aristey varieties compared to the control variant, respectively.