Formic Acid Oxidation over Hierarchical Porous Carbon Containing PtPd Catalysts

Baena-Moncada, Angélica M.; Morales, Gustavo M.; Barbero, C.; Planes, Gabriel A.; Flórez-Montaño, Jonathan; Pastor, E.; Cuarto, Río; Sánchez, Astrofísico F.

doi:10.3390/catal3040902

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…PtPd, [149][150][151] PtPb, [152,153] PtCu, [154,155] PtRu, [156,157] PtAu, [158,159] and PtFe, [160,161] etc. bimetallic nanomaterials also have been proved to be excellent catalysts for HCOOH electrooxidation.…”

Section: Formic Acid Electrooxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Controlling Surface Composition of Pt‐Based Bimetallic Electrocatalysts

Zhang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

136

104

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version efficiency. [12][13][14][15] Among these metal electrocatalysts, platinum (Pt) exhibits the best activity for formic acid electrooxidation, ethanol electrooxidation, and oxygen reduction. However, pure Pt electrocatalyst faces several severe shortages, which limit its wide application in fuel cells. First, for formic acid and ethanol electrooxidation on pure Pt, the poisoning phenomenon (poison intermediates adsorption) usually happens on the surface of Pt, which will significantly decrease its electrocatalytic performance. [16][17][18][19][20] Second, for cathodic reaction, the oxygen reduction on pure Pt is sluggish. [21][22][23][24] Third, Pt is noble metal, which is limited reserve in nature. Therefore, how to reduce the Pt content and at the same time maintain its electrochemical performance are critical to achieve the commercialization of fuel cell.Bimetallic nanomaterials play an essential role in electrochemical energy conversion and storage, such as in fuel cells and metal-air batteries. [25][26][27] Unlike their monometallic counterparts, bimetallic nanomaterials ordinarily present better performance beneficial from synergistic effects, which means that the electrochemical performance of the whole will be superior than the sum of its parts. [28][29][30] In the case of the noble metals (especially Pt), their high cost and scarcity are obstructing the commercial viability of fuel cells. [31][32][33][34] Reducing the Pt loading without compromising its performance is the target of electrocatalytic investigations. [35][36][37] The typical approach is to incorporate with another metal, which could obtain better performance with much prolonged duration than the traditional commercial Pt/C. There are a great quantity of works on Ptbased bimetallic electrocatalysts, such as alloying Pt with 3d-transition metals, including Fe, [38,39] Co, [40][41][42] Ni, [43,44] and Cu. [45,46] PtM (M = Fe, Co, Ni, etc.) bimetallic nanomaterials have been demonstrated to be promising electrocatalysts, which strategic enhancement and development of the performance of commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst; and fundamental researches have shown that the enhanced catalytic activity originates from the modified electronic structures and geometric structures of Pt in these alloy catalysts. [47][48][49] It is a remarkable fact that these electrocatalytic reactions merely occur on the surface of the electrocatalysts. [28,50] Thus, the surface constituents of electrocatalysts determine the adsorption/desorption behaviors of the reactants and intermediates during the electrochemical reaction. Therefore, the catalytic reactions mechanisms and efficiencies strongly rely on the With increasing energy demands worldwide, significant efforts have been made to develop superior electrocatalysts for efficient energy conversion systems. Among all the electrocatalysts exploited, Pt-based bimetallic nanomaterials stand out by virtue of their high catalytic activity and relatively low cost due to the introduction of a nonprecious metal component. I...

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Section: Formic Acid Electrooxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Controlling Surface Composition of Pt‐Based Bimetallic Electrocatalysts

Zhang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

136

104

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“…The reaction starts with chemical hydrolysis and follows the condensation reaction, studied by Stôber. 34 , 35 , 45 , 46 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect has been observed in our previous works where HPCs have been used to support NP of PtRu, PtPd, PtFe, and PtAu for applications in FC. 45 , 69 − 72 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Porous Carbon-PtPd Catalysts and Their Activity toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2022

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PtPd bimetallic catalysts supported on hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) with different porous sizes were developed for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) toward fuel cell applications. The HPC pore size was controlled by using SiO 2 nanoparticles as a template with different sizes, 287, 371, and 425 nm, to obtain three HPC materials denoted as HPC-1, HPC-2, and HPC-3, respectively. PtPd/HPC catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical performance was examined by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. PtPd/HPC-2 turned out to be the most optimal catalyst with an electroactive surface area (ESA) of 40.2 m 2 g –1 and a current density for ORR of −1285 A g –1 at 2 mV s –1 and 1600 rpm. In addition, we conducted a density functional theory computational study to examine the interactions between a PtPd cluster and a graphitic domain of HPC, as well as the interaction between the catalyst and the oxygen molecule. These results reveal the strong influence of the porous size (in HPC) and ESA values (in PtPd nanoparticles) in the mass transport process which rules the electrochemical performance.

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“…To enhance the Pt performance, effort has been made to either (1) modify the surface with adatoms of other metals such as Ru [43], Ag [44], Ge [45,46], Sn [45], Pb [46], As [46], Sb [46,47], and Bi [47][48][49][50]; or (2) form alloys of Pt with other metals like Pd [21,37,51] and Ru [15,[51][52][53][54][55] that would specifically promote the direct FAO pathway [21,36,56]. Other alloys studied so far include but not limited to, Pt-Cu [57], Pt-Au [58][59][60][61][62][63][64], Pt-Pd [65][66][67], and Pt-Ag [68,69], each one of them works differently by bi-functional mechanism, ligand effect, and/or ensemble effect [58,59], suppressing the indirect pathway thus enhancing FAO reaction. Pt-Au is believed to catalyze via ensemble effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin Film PtxPd(1-x) Alloy Catalysts for Formic Acid Oxidation Synthesized by Surface Limited Redox Replacement of Underpotentially Deposited H Monolayer

Achari¹,

Dimitrov²

2020

Electrochem

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This work emphasizes the development of a green synthetic approach for growing ultrathin film PtxPd(1-x) alloy catalysts for formic acid oxidation (FAO) by surface limited redox replacement of underpotentially deposited H sacrificial layer. Up to three-monolayers-thick PtxPd(1-x) films with different composition are generated on Au electrodes and characterized for composition and surface roughness using XPS and electrochemical methods, respectively. XPS results show close correlation between solution molar ratio and atomic composition, with slightly higher Pt fraction in the deposited films. The accordingly deposited Pt42Pd58 films demonstrated remarkable specific and mass activities of up to 35 mAcm−2 and 45 Amg−1 respectively, lasting for more than 1500 cycles in FAO tests. This performance, found to be better twice or more than that of pure Pt counterparts, renders the Pt42Pd58 films comparable with the frontrunner FAO catalysts. In addition, the best alloy catalyst establishes a nearly hysteresis-free FAO CV curve a lot earlier than its Pt counterpart and thus supports the direct FAO pathway for longer. Overall, the combination of high Pd activity and CO tolerance with the remarkable Pt stability results in highly active and durable FAO catalysts. Finally, this facile and cost-effective synthetic approach allows for scaling the catalyst production and is thus appropriate for foreseeable commercialization.

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Formic Acid Oxidation over Hierarchical Porous Carbon Containing PtPd Catalysts

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Controlling Surface Composition of Pt‐Based Bimetallic Electrocatalysts

A Comprehensive Review on Controlling Surface Composition of Pt‐Based Bimetallic Electrocatalysts

Hierarchical Porous Carbon-PtPd Catalysts and Their Activity toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ultrathin Film PtxPd(1-x) Alloy Catalysts for Formic Acid Oxidation Synthesized by Surface Limited Redox Replacement of Underpotentially Deposited H Monolayer

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