Formulation and Evaluation of Optimized Oxybenzone Microsponge Gel for Topical Delivery

Pawar, Atmaram; Gholap, Aditya P.; Kuchekar, Ashwin; Bothiraja, C.; Mali, Ashwin J.

doi:10.1155/2015/261068

Cited by 71 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…After stirring, the solution was filtered through whatman filter paper and from the filtrate, appropriate dilutions were made and absorbance was measured at 262 nm by using UV/Vis Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu 1601, Tokyo, Japan). The encapsulation efficiency (%) of the microsponges can be calculated according to the following equation [19,20].…”

Section: Actual Drug Content and Encapsulation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Evaluation of Microsponge Based Nicorandil Sustained Released Tablet

Patel

2017

J. Sci. Res.

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The aim of the present work was to develop once-daily sustained release microsponges formulations of Nicorandil, a potent potassium channel opener used in cardiovascular diseases and it has low oral bioavailability (70%) and half-life 1 h. So, it is good candidate for sustained release formulations based on microsponge technology. The microsponges were prepared by using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that the microsponges of nicorandil with Eudragit -RSPO and HPMC K100M were smooth, porous, glossy and discrete spherical. The actual drug content and encapsulation efficiency of batch M1 to M9 were obtained in range of 62.05 ± 0.31 to 80.69 ± 0.43 and 64.41 ± 1.71 to 70.58 ± 1.12, respectively. The microsponges formulations were subjected to in-vitro release studies and the results were evaluated kinetically and statically. The best fitted model was found to be Korsmeyer -Peppas model (R 2 = 0.9992) for M6 batch. The 'n' value for Korsmeyer -Peppas model was between 0.5 and 1.0 which is indicative of non-Fickian diffusion. Statistical analysis using ANOVA yielded a p value of 0.572 for all the formulations, indicating that there was no significant difference among them.

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Section: Actual Drug Content and Encapsulation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Evaluation of Microsponge Based Nicorandil Sustained Released Tablet

Patel

2017

J. Sci. Res.

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“…This could be attributed to the fact that higher level of solvent leads to decrease in the viscosity and hence, results in the formation of smaller particle size 8 . For the surface morphology, micro-sponge formulation F4 was visualized by SEM.…”

Section: Fig 2: Photomicrograph Of Ketoprofen Micro-spongesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral route is the most preferred route for the administration of active drug. Owing to its low cost of rehabilitation and ease of administration, this may lead to higher level of patient acceptance [8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

IJPSR

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ABSTRACT:The present research was aimed to formulate erosion based matrix tablets of ketoprofen micro-sponges for spatial-colon targeting. For the optimization, the effects of independent variables like solvent volume and concentration of chitosan were studied on the mean particle size, percent entrapment efficiency (% EE) and in vitro drug release. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image of the micro-sponge formulation revealed that the surface of the micro-sponge was nearly spherical and porous. Optimized micro-sponge formulation was further formulated into erosion based matrix tablet and evaluated for quality control parameters. In vitro release studies revealed that both the microsponge formulation and micro-sponge matrix tablet (MST) had restricted the drug release of ketoprofen in gastric pH followed by gradual release up to 12 hr. The release kinetics data, after fitting into various models revealed that both formulations were best fitted to zero order, indicating controlled release property. The pharmacokinetic evaluation of colon targeted MST in rats revealed the presence of drug in plasma after lag time of 4 hr, t max of 4 ± 0.23, AUC (0-12hr) of 33.10 ± 3.68 with t 1/2 3.85 ± 0.31. The developed MST of ketoprofen has the ability for spatial and temporal delivery, thus could be employed to treat various colonic diseases.

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“…Compared with this way, the quasi-emulsion solvent-diffusion method is not only easily performed in the laboratory, but also has the potential to prepare microsponges readily in the factory. 7,24 In the process of preparation, in order to optimize the preparation process of microsponges [7][8][9]25,26 and improve release of drug, 27-28 the factors including drug/polymer ratio, disperse phase solvent amount, stirring time, speed and stirrer type on the preparation of microsponges always need to be investigated. Afterwards, the thermal behavior, surface morphology, particle size and pore structure of microsponges should be examined.…”

Section: Preparation and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Additionally, TDDS permits the permeation of drugs across the skin and into the systemic circulation which avoids the hepatic first-pass effect observed in the course of oral administration and inconvenience of frequent parenteral administration. 3 As a new drug carrier of TDDS, Microsponges are mostly used for topical [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and oral administration. [11][12][13][14][15] For other topical delivery systems, the traditional delivery systems are required of frequent dosing to keep relatively stable local concentrations of effective constituent for therapeutic effectiveness because of low effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Application of Microsponges in Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Hong¹,

Chen²,

Xiang³

et al. 2015

MOJBB

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Abbreviations: TDDS, transdermal drug delivery system; FDA, food and drug administration; EC, ethyl cellulose; BPO, benzoyl peroxide; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; AUC, area under the curve; EE, entrapment efficiency; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; MED, minimal erythemal dose; SPF, sun protection factor IntroductionCompared with drug dosage forms for oral and parenteral administration, Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) can minimize and avoid some restrictions relating to dosage forms effectively. Due to the conventional delivery systems suffering from certain restrictions like Peak and Valley phenomenon i.e., they show fluctuations in plasma drug concentration and cannot render sustained effect.1 However, the TDDS can meet the requirement to keep relatively stable plasma drug concentration and prolong delivery of drug, in a steady-state profile and minimizes the peak-associated side effects, which thus ensures the level of the drug is effective for treatment on the minimal therapeutic concentration. In general, Transdermal drug delivery system, as a controlled drug delivery system, is exceedingly humanized, commodious and prolong the period of time of release of drug, if need arises (e.g. systemic toxicity) with less pain sensation while administrating drug candidates. Additionally, TDDS permits the permeation of drugs across the skin and into the systemic circulation which avoids the hepatic first-pass effect observed in the course of oral administration and inconvenience of frequent parenteral administration. As a new drug carrier of TDDS, Microsponges are mostly used for topical 4-10 and oral administration. 11-15 For other topical delivery systems, the traditional delivery systems are required of frequent dosing to keep relatively stable local concentrations of effective constituent for therapeutic effectiveness because of low effectiveness.Thus to avoid this defect it is indispensable to design a new drug delivery system to prolong the residual time of drug in the epidermis or the dermis, while reduce its penetration into the body. For this reason, as a porous polymeric microsphere, Microsponges can fulfill such aims uniquely.4 Microsponges are porous, polymeric microspheres (Figure 1) which are invariably used for topical delivery system; 4-5,7-10 its inside are full of lacunas and its particle size is 5~300μm in diameter. AbstractTransdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is a dosage form designed to deliver drug through skin by topical route of administration to the systemic circulation or for local treatment. As a new type of dosage form, TDDS has a number of special merits, but inevitably at the same time it possess some distinct disadvantages, such as low permeability and the drug mostly enter the systemic vascular. Microsponges are a kind of micro-sized and polyporous particles which can entrap effective constituents, and are biologically safe. And Microsponges also exhibit distinctive advantage at the aspect of drug release. The TDDS can enhance drug stability, decrease side effec...

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Formulation and Evaluation of Optimized Oxybenzone Microsponge Gel for Topical Delivery

Cited by 71 publications

References 13 publications

Formulation and Evaluation of Microsponge Based Nicorandil Sustained Released Tablet

Formulation and Evaluation of Microsponge Based Nicorandil Sustained Released Tablet

Untitled

Toward Application of Microsponges in Transdermal Drug Delivery System

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