Forward medevac during Serval and Barkhane operations in Sahel: A registry study

Carfantan, Cyril; Goudard, Yvain; Butin, Christophe; Duron-Martinaud, Sandrine; Even, Jean-Philippe; Anselme, Anthony; Dulaurent, Erwan; Géhant, Mélanie; Vitalis, V.; Bay, Christian; Bancarel, Jérôme; Bordes, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2016.10.043

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the present study, the median time from injury to Role 2 MTFs of 130 minutes for Alpha casualties is in the range of the 145 minutes reported by Carfantan et al for all “Serval” and “Barkhane” operation MEDEVAC missions, which included medical diseases and battle or nonbattle injuries. However, a total of 57% of Alpha casualties arrived at Role 2 MTFs after more than 120 minutes following injury, while 26% arrived at Role 2 MTFs after 240 minutes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Despite the permanent deployment of at least three forward surgical teams, the distribution of helicopters in the theater, and the addition of two CASA aircraft specifically dedicated to MEDEVAC, the median distance between the point of injury and Role 2 MTFs was 290 kilometers over the 2013–2016 period …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The procedures have also been gradually adapted to the constraints of the field, including the establishment of a comprehensive prehospital transfusion program. [12][13][14][15]…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The categorization of casualties in the field is based on NATO's classification: Alpha for those needing medical or surgical intervention in less than 90 minutes, Bravo for those requiring intervention within 4 hours, and Charlie for those who can wait up to 24 hours for evacuation. 12,16 The definitions used for the follow-up of casualties (killed in action, wounded in action, died of wounds, returned to duty, and case fatality rate) are those recommended by Holcomb et al 17 and frequently used in the literature.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Five years of prolonged field care: prehospital challenges during recent French military operations

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND French military operations in the Sahel conducted since 2013 over more than 5 million square kilometers have challenged the French Military Health Service with specific problems in prolonged field care. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To describe these challenges, we retrospectively analyzed the prehospital data from the first 5 years of these operations within a delimited area. RESULTS One hundred eighty‐three servicemen of different nationalities were evacuated, mainly as a result of explosions (73.2%) or gunshots (21.9%). Their mean number evacuation was 2.2 (minimum, 1; maximum, 8) per medical evacuation with a direct evacuation from the field to a Role 2 medical treatment facility (MTF) for 62% of them. For the highest‐priority casualties (N = 46), the median time [interquartile range] from injury to a Role 2 MTF was 130 minutes [70 minutes to 252 minutes], exceeding 120 minutes in 57% of cases and 240 minutes in 26%. The most frequent out‐of‐hospital medical interventions were external hemostasis, airway and hemopneumothorax management, hypotensive resuscitation, analgesia, immobilization, and antibiotic administration. Prehospital transfusion (RBCs and/or lyophilized plasma) was started three times in the field, two times during helicopter medical evacuation, and five times in tactical fixed wing medical aircraft. Lyophilized plasma was confirmed to be particularly suitable in these settings. One of the specific issues involved in lengthy prehospital time was the importance to reassess and convert tourniquets prior to Role 2 MTF admission. CONCLUSION Main challenges identified include reducing evacuation times as much as possible, preserving ground deployment of sufficiently trained medics and medical teams, optimization of transfusion strategies, and strengthening specific prolonged field care equipment and training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The procedures have also been gradually adapted to the constraints of the field, including the establishment of a comprehensive prehospital transfusion program. [12][13][14][15]…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%