Four-Junction Wafer Bonded Solar Cells for Space Applications

Siefer, Gerald; Beutel, Paul; David, Laurent; Oliva, E.; Predan, Felix; Schachtner, Michael; Dimroth, Frank; Ledoux, Olivier; Guiot, Eric

doi:10.1109/espc47532.2019.9049265

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An absorption limited rather than a diffusion limited begin-of-life (BOL) design was chosen to be more sensitive to the bulk minority carrier lifetime and thus be more robust against uncertainties in the measurements and the input parameters. The high performance of the design is known from previous work [4]. According to our simulations, the relative effect of regeneration is almost the same as for an end-of-life (EOL) design.…”

Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 62%

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Radiation hardness and post irradiation regeneration behavior of GaInAsP solar cells

Lang

Schön

Lefèvre

et al. 2020

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Recent developments have renewed the demand for solar cells with increased tolerance to radiation damage. To investigate the specific irradiation damage of 1 MeV electron irradiation in GaInAsP lattice matched to InP for varying In and P contents, a simulation based analysis is employed: by fitting the quantum efficiency and open-circuit voltage simultaneously before and after irradiation, the induced changes in lifetime are detected. Furthermore, the reduction of irradiation damage during regeneration under typical satellite operating conditions for GEO missions (60°C and AM0 illumination) is investigated. A clear decrease of the radiation damage is observed after post irradiation regeneration. This regeneration effect is stronger for increasing InP-fraction. It is demonstrated that the irradiation induced defect recombination coefficient for irradiation with 1 MeV electrons after regeneration for 216 hours can be described with a linear function of InPfraction between 110 -5 cm 2 /s for GaAs and 710 -7 cm 2 /s for InP. The results show that GaInAsP is a promising material for radiation hard space solar cells.

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Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…In this work, the focus is on the general investigation of the material. The implementation of GaInAsP into multi-junction space solar cells is discussed elsewhere [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation hardness and post irradiation regeneration behavior of GaInAsP solar cells

Lang

Schön

Lefèvre

et al. 2020

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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“…In MJ cells, different junctions (GaAs, AlInP, InGaP, AlGaInP, InGaAs, and Ge) absorb different wavelengths of light to Energies 2023, 16, 1336 2 of 15 produce the output while single junction cell absorbs a particular band and rest of the wavelengths are unused [8]. Extreme attainable efficiency of 46% was noted using four-junction cell [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonimaging High Concentrating Photovoltaic System Using Trough

2023

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Solar energy is a long-established technology, which has zero CO2 emissions, and provides low-cost energy for a given area of land. The concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) has been given preference over the photovoltaic due to its high efficiency. In a CPV system, most of the solar cell area has been replaced with an optical concentrator. Various parabolic trough based CPV systems have been presented where a concentration of <300 is achieved. In the current research, a design is presented to achieve a high concentration of 622×. The design consists of two stages of concentration including parabolic trough as a main concentrator and nonimaging reflective grooves as a secondary concentrator. The trough reflects the incident light towards the secondary reflector where the light is redirected over the solar cell. Design of the two-stage concentrator, ray-tracing simulation, and results are presented. The system achieved an optical efficiency of 79%. The system would also be highly acceptable in solar thermal applications owing to its high concentration.

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“…A direct wafer bonded five junction solar cell from Spectrolab demonstrated already a conversion efficiency of 36.0% [2]. A wafer bonded based four junction solar cell from Fraunhofer ISE showed an efficiency of 35.2% under AM0 conditions [3]. Recently, NREL presented an inverted metamorphic triple-junction cell with an middle cell absorber that includes a GaInAs/GaAsP superlattice with an efficiency of 34.2% under the AM0 reference spectrum [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-lightweight and flexible inverted metamorphic four junction solar cells for space applications

Klitzke

Schön

Leest³

et al. 2022

EPJ Photovolt.

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In this work an inverted metamorphic four junction (IMM4J) solar cell with 30.9% conversion efficiency in beginning of life conditions under the AM0 (1367 W/m2) spectrum is presented. Additionally, our newest improved IMM3J cell, consisting of Ga0.51In0.49P/GaAs/Ga0.73In0.27As subcells, with 30.6% efficiency is also shown. The IMM4J solar cells consist of Al0.05Ga0.46In0.49P/Al0.14Ga0.86As/Ga0.89In0.11As/Ga0.73In0.27As subcells and are epitaxially grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on a GaAs substrate. These IMM solar cells achieve power-to-mass ratios of 3 W/g or more, which is more than three times higher than standard germanium based triple or four junction space solar cells. The losses in comparison to the simulated near-term potential efficiency of 33.8% for the IMM4J are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the irradiation behavior for 1 MeV electron fluences of 1 × 1014 e−/cm2 and 2.5 × 1014 e−/cm2 for the IMM4J cells was investigated. A roadmap to further develop this concept towards an IMM5J with a realistic begin of life (BOL) efficiency potential of 35.9% under AM0 is presented.

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Four-Junction Wafer Bonded Solar Cells for Space Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Radiation hardness and post irradiation regeneration behavior of GaInAsP solar cells

Radiation hardness and post irradiation regeneration behavior of GaInAsP solar cells

Nonimaging High Concentrating Photovoltaic System Using Trough

Ultra-lightweight and flexible inverted metamorphic four junction solar cells for space applications

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