2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications 2008
DOI: 10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699394
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Four-way TOA and software-based trilateration of IEEE 802.11 devices

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Cited by 51 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…As for previous location and tracking attacks, some researchers have used RTS/CTS messages to perform Time of Arrival computations [17] while others have extended these techniques to perform Time Difference of Arrival calculations from timestamps in exchanged frames [11]. These older methods perform localization on Access Points from client devices.…”
Section: Control Frame Attackmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As for previous location and tracking attacks, some researchers have used RTS/CTS messages to perform Time of Arrival computations [17] while others have extended these techniques to perform Time Difference of Arrival calculations from timestamps in exchanged frames [11]. These older methods perform localization on Access Points from client devices.…”
Section: Control Frame Attackmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Presently, the use of pseudolites is associated with a number of problems: pseudolites are fairly expensive and hard to acquire, they tend to interfere with commercial GPS receivers, and they are incompatible with GPS sensors found in smartphones [1]. Despite these hardware limitations, it was shown by Hoene et al that ToA can be used with Wi-Fi [2]. This technique has not been tested yet on smartphones and reports an accuracy comparable to conventional Wi-Fi based methods (e.g., ±4 m).…”
Section: User Scenariomentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because random backoff cannot be extracted from COTS IEEE 802.11 MACs, a custom MAC with access to random backoff values must be created in place of the COTS Given a complete characterization of processing delays with random backoff and assuming that local clocks at the transmitter and receiver are synchronized, ToA is computed by finding the difference between timestamps generated at the transmitter when bits are passed into the MAC and timestamps generated at the receiver when bits are generated by the MAC. The resolution of the timestamp generated at the receiver is determined by the resolution of frame synchronization in the IEEE 802.11 PHY at the receiver [11]. In general, the accuracy of frame synchronization is at best 1 wireless data symbol, limiting the accuracy of IEEE 802.11 links with software-only ToA augmentation [12].…”
Section: Time-of-arrival In Ieee 80211mentioning
confidence: 99%