Fourier transform mid-infrared milk screening to improve milk production and processing

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Summary: Many research developments have been done with milk Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectrometry during the past 20 years, but only a few applications have been implemented in the field. ExtraMIR will try to solve the intrinsic and extrinsic constraints leading to this situation.

A comprehensive review on adulteration of milk

“…The chemical makeup of the sample under examination can be ascertained by examining the energy given and the amount absorbed by the sample. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, a type of MIRS, facilitates the rapid scanning of a complete spectrum of electromagnetic waves, ranging from 4000 cm −1 to 400 cm −1 (Soyeurt, et al, 2023 and Karoui et al, 2010) [65,30] . It is extensively used to forecast the fat, protein, lactose, and casein contents of milk samples, which are routinely collected in accordance with various countries' milkrecording systems.…”

Recent Advances in the Determination of Milk Adulterants and Contaminants by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy

“…The spectral data provide a detailed description of samples, acting as a unique "fingerprint" that reflects both physical states and molecular structures. These spectral data can be easily stored, and past records can be reevaluated when new calibrations become available [18,19]. Often, spectral data is pretreated and combined with chemometrics, which can enhance the reliability and reproducibility of the analysis results [13,20].…”

“…Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, a type of MIRS, facilitates the rapid scanning of a complete spectrum of electromagnetic waves, ranging from 4000 cm −1 to 400 cm −1 [19,23]. It is widely used to analyze milk samples and predict the content of fat, protein, lactose, and casein, which are collected periodically according to the milk-recording schemes of different countries.…”